They had to abandon the rescue mission due to the storm.
由于暴风雪,他们不得不放弃救援任务。
2
v.抛弃(人/地方)
The puppy was abandoned by its owner on the roadside.
那只小狗被主人遗弃在路边。
3
n.放纵;尽情(不受约束的状态)
She laughed and danced with complete abandon.
她毫无拘束地大笑、跳舞。
语感
give up 是停手,abandon 是切断责任关系
放弃抛弃遗弃放纵(名词)
abandon 里藏着一层道德重量:give up 只是「我不再努力了」,abandon 是「我对这件事/这个人不再有任何责任」。所以 abandon a child(遗弃孩子)有强烈的道德谴责,而 give up on a child 只是「放弃管教」。名词义「with abandon」= 把控制权也一起扔掉,行为任意蔓延——是一种彻底的自由感。
陷阱
⚠️abandon 带道德含义
✗
He abandoned the bad habit of staying up late.
他戒掉了熬夜的坏习惯。
abandon 暗示彻底切断责任,用于改掉个人习惯时语气过重、语感怪异
✓
He gave up the bad habit of staying up late.
他戒掉了熬夜的坏习惯。
⚠️abandon oneself to 误读
She abandoned herself to grief after the loss.
✗
她失去后抛弃了自己
✓
她完全沉浸在悲痛中,任由悲痛淹没自己
失去后,她沉溺于悲痛,无法自拔。
近义辨析
abandonvsdesert
abandon泛指放弃/抛弃,含道德判断desert强调「抛弃有需要的人」,道德谴责更强烈
They abandoned the old factory after the flood.
洪水过后,他们废弃了那座老工厂。
He deserted his post during the battle.
他在战斗中擅离了职守。
abandonvsgive up
abandon正式书面,含「切断责任」之义give up口语常用,侧重「停止努力」,无责任含义
He abandoned his family to pursue fame.
他为了名利抛弃了家人(含道德谴责)。
He gave up his music career.
他放弃了音乐事业。
写作加分
✨ 加分词
替换:give upquit
议论文结论句社会问题话题描述历史事件
普通
Many young people give up their traditional values.
许多年轻人放弃了传统价值观。
加分 ✨
Many young people have abandoned their traditional values.