absence
缺乏,不存在(书面正式,常用于「某物本来应在却不在」的状态)
lack
缺乏(最通用,强调「不足」,可名词也可动词:lack confidence = 缺乏信心)
The absence of meaningful dialogue between the two governments has allowed tensions to escalate unchecked.
两国政府之间缺乏有意义对话的状态,使得紧张局势不受制约地升级。
Many students struggle academically not because of low intelligence but due to a lack of effective study strategies.
许多学生学习困难,并非因为智力低下,而是由于缺乏有效的学习策略。