✨ 语义深度解析
addiction
高考核心词 作文加分词 难度 2/5 ⏱ 3 分钟
核心
无法自控地依赖某物——成瘾,既是医学状态也是社会问题
释义
1
n. [U/C]成瘾,上瘾(对…的依赖)
The documentary explores the psychological and physical effects of addiction to prescription painkillers.
该纪录片探讨了对处方止痛药成瘾的心理和生理影响。
2
n.(比喻)痴迷,热衷(轻度用法)
Her addiction to mystery novels meant she went through at least three books a week.
她对推理小说的痴迷意味着她每周至少读三本书。
语感
addiction = 已经失控的依赖——habit 是选择,addiction 是停不下来
成瘾(名词)上瘾状态痴迷(比喻,轻度)
陷阱
⚠️addiction to(介词 to,不说 addiction of/for)
The rise in smartphone usage has led to a worrying increase in addiction of social media among teenagers.
智能手机使用量的增加导致青少年中社交媒体成瘾问题令人担忧地上升。(addiction of 错误,应改为 addiction to)
addiction 固定搭配介词 to(addiction to social media = 社交媒体成瘾),不用 of 或 for;addiction of 是错误搭配
The rise in smartphone usage has led to a worrying increase in addiction to social media among teenagers.
智能手机使用量的增加导致青少年中社交媒体成瘾问题令人担忧地上升。
⚠️addiction vs. habit:失控依赖 vs. 有意识习惯
Developing a habit of reading for thirty minutes before bed can significantly improve both sleep quality and vocabulary.
habit = addiction(习惯,上瘾,都是「经常做某事」,可以互换)
habit(习惯,有意识养成的行为模式,中性或正面:a healthy habit = 好习惯,含自我控制感);addiction(成瘾,失控性依赖,含有害感和无法停止的意味);此句是主动培养好习惯,用 habit;若换成 addiction,含义变为「停不下来的依赖」,语义变负面
培养睡前阅读三十分钟的习惯可以显著改善睡眠质量和词汇量。(habit = 有意识的正面行为模式;addiction = 失控依赖)
近义辨析
addiction vs dependence
addiction addiction(成瘾,强调无法自控的失控状态,偏行为/心理层面) dependence dependence(依赖,更中性,也用于药物依赖的医学描述:physical dependence = 生理依赖)
The government launched a nationwide campaign to raise awareness of the dangers of addiction to online gambling.
政府发起了一项全国性运动,提升公众对网络赌博成瘾危害的认识。
Long-term use of certain medications can lead to physical dependence, requiring careful medical supervision during withdrawal.
长期使用某些药物可能导致生理依赖,在戒断期间需要谨慎的医疗监督。
写作加分
✨ 加分词
替换:using too muchcan't stop usingalways on phones
科技/网络议论文青少年心理健康话题社会问题话题
普通
Many young people use their phones too much and can't stop.
许多年轻人过度使用手机且停不下来。
加分 ✨
Smartphone addiction among adolescents has emerged as a significant public health concern, with research linking excessive screen time to anxiety, depression, and disrupted sleep patterns.
青少年智能手机成瘾已成为重要的公共卫生关切,研究将过度屏幕时间与焦虑、抑郁和睡眠紊乱联系起来。
常用搭配
addiction to对…的成瘾(介词 to)
drug / alcohol / smartphone addiction毒品 / 酒精 / 手机成瘾
overcome / combat / tackle addiction克服 / 对抗 / 解决成瘾问题
in the grip of addiction深陷成瘾(书面)
addiction treatment / recovery成瘾治疗 / 康复
词根
addiction = addict(瘾君子)+ -ion → 成瘾这件事/状态;addiction to(介词 to,对…成瘾)
考考你
Q1对错判断
判断下面句子里的用法是否正确:
Researchers found a strong correlation between childhood trauma and the development of addiction of alcohol in later life.
✓ 正确版本
Researchers found a strong correlation between childhood trauma and the development of addiction to alcohol in later life.
研究人员发现童年创伤与成年后酒精成瘾之间存在强相关性。
addiction 固定搭配介词 to(addiction to alcohol = 酒精成瘾),不用 of
Q2近义选词
选择最恰当的词填空:
The patient was prescribed a reduced dose to manage her physical ___ to the medication before eventually stopping altogether.
Aaddiction
Bdependence
✓ 患者被开具了减量处方,以在最终完全停药前控制她对该药物的生理依赖
此句是医疗语境,physical dependence(生理依赖)是药物依赖的医学术语,搭配更精确;addiction 更强调行为失控和社会心理层面,在此医学处方场景中 dependence 更合适
Q3翻译应用
用 addiction 翻译下面句子(可参考 writing_upgrade 字段的搭配):
解决青少年网络游戏成瘾问题需要家庭、学校和科技公司的共同努力。
Tackling addiction to online gaming among adolescents requires the combined efforts of families, schools, and technology companies.
关键搭配:addiction to online gaming
tackling addiction to online gaming(解决网络游戏成瘾)是议论文科技话题核心表达,requires the combined efforts of 展示三方责任,提升论证广度
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