✨ 语义深度解析 ⋮
alarm
高考核心词 作文加分词 难度 2/5 ⏱ 3 分钟
核心
突然的警觉——警报声，或内心的担忧，或使某人感到惊恐
释义
1
n.警报，警报器
The fire alarm sounded in the middle of the night, forcing all residents to evacuate immediately.
火警警报在深夜响起，迫使所有居民立即疏散。
2
n.担忧，惊恐（with/without alarm）
Scientists observed with considerable alarm the rate at which polar ice caps were melting.
科学家们以相当的担忧观察到极地冰盖的融化速度。
3
v.使惊恐，使担忧（be alarmed by）
Health officials were alarmed by the sudden spike in hospital admissions during the outbreak.
卫生官员对疫情暴发期间住院人数的骤增感到震惊。
语感
alarm = 警觉的触发器——外部是警报声，内部是担忧，alarming=事物让人警觉，alarmed=人感到警觉
警报，警报器担忧，惊恐使担忧（动词）闹钟（alarm clock）
陷阱
⚠️alarming vs. alarmed：事物令人担忧 vs. 人感到担忧
✗
The report revealed an alarmed increase in childhood obesity rates over the past decade.
报告揭示了过去十年儿童肥胖率令人担忧的增长。（× alarmed increase → ✓ alarming increase）
描述事物「令人担忧」用 alarming（形容词修饰事物）；alarmed 形容人「感到惊恐」；an increase 是事物，应用 alarming
✓
The report revealed an alarming increase in childhood obesity rates over the past decade.
报告揭示了过去十年儿童肥胖率令人担忧的增长。
⚠️raise the alarm（发出警报）vs. sound the alarm
Environmental activists have been raising the alarm about plastic pollution in the world's oceans for decades.
✗
raise the alarm = 「提高警报音量」（字面理解）或「拉响警报」
✓
raise the alarm（发出警告，引起公众对某问题的警觉：raise the alarm about sth. = 就某事发出警告）是固定短语，比喻义；sound the alarm 也是固定短语，意思相近（发出警告）；两者都是「提醒大家注意危险」，而非字面的「调高音量」
数十年来，环保活动人士一直在就世界海洋的塑料污染问题发出警告。（raise the alarm about = 就…发出警告，固定比喻用法）
近义辨析
alarm vs concern
alarm alarm（担忧，惊恐，程度较强，含突然性和紧迫感） concern concern（担忧，中性，持续性的关切，程度比 alarm 轻）
Doctors expressed alarm at the speed at which the antibiotic-resistant strain was spreading through the hospital.
医生对抗生素耐药菌株在医院内传播的速度感到震惊。
There is growing concern among educators about the long-term effects of screen time on children's cognitive development.
教育工作者对屏幕时间对儿童认知发展的长期影响日益感到担忧。
写作加分
✨ 加分词
替换：worryingscarydangerous increase
公共健康议论文环境话题科技/网络安全话题
普通
The increase in air pollution is very worrying.
空气污染的增加非常令人担忧。
加分 ✨
Experts have raised the alarm about the alarming rise in air pollution levels in major cities, calling for immediate policy intervention.
专家们就各大城市空气污染水平令人担忧的上升发出警告，呼吁立即进行政策干预。
常用搭配
raise / sound the alarm (about)就…发出警报/警告（比喻）
fire / burglar alarm火警 / 防盗警报（名词）
set / turn off an alarm设定 / 关掉闹钟
an alarming rise / rate / increase令人担忧的上升 / 速度 / 增长
false alarm虚惊，误报
词根
alarm = all'arme（意大利语：到武器！）→ 紧急警告 = 警报；alarming = 事物触发警觉；alarmed = 人被触发警觉
考考你
Q1对错判断
判断下面句子里的用法是否正确：
Public health officials expressed alarm at the alarmed rate at which new cases were being reported across the country.
✓ 正确版本
Public health officials expressed alarm at the alarming rate at which new cases were being reported across the country.
公共卫生官员对全国新增病例令人担忧的增长速度感到震惊。
alarmed 形容「人感到惊恐」；此处修饰 rate（速度，事物），应用 alarming（令人担忧的）；× alarmed rate → ✓ alarming rate
Q2近义选词
选择最恰当的词填空：
There is growing ___ among parents about the amount of time their children spend on screens each day.
Aalarm
Bconcern
✓ 家长们对孩子每天花在屏幕上的时间越来越感到担忧。
此句是持续性、普遍性的担忧（growing concern among parents），用 concern（持续关切）；alarm 含突然性和紧迫感，适合描述「突发危机」引起的震惊，此处程度不如 concern 自然
Q3搭配还原
选择正确的搭配，完成句子：
Scientists have been ___ the alarm about the accelerating loss of biodiversity for years.
多年来，科学家们一直就生物多样性的加速丧失发出警告。
Araising
Bsounding
Cmaking
Dpulling
完整搭配：raise the alarm　就…发出警告（比喻用法）
raise the alarm（发出警告）是固定搭配；sound the alarm 也正确；making/pulling the alarm 不是固定表达
接着学
点击进入该词的深度解析
alarming同根令人担忧的（形容词，修饰事物：an alarming trend = 令人担忧的趋势）
panic近义恐慌（比 alarm 程度更强，panic attack = 惊恐发作）
alert近义警戒，警报（on alert = 处于警戒状态，与 alarm 语义场相近）
reassure反义使安心，安抚（与 alarm 的「使担忧」相对，reassure sb. = 使某人放心）