She assumed full responsibility for the project's failure.
她承担了项目失败的全部责任。
语感
assume = 没有证据就当作真的，presume = 有一定依据的推断
假设认定想当然承担（责任）
三词辨析：assume = 默认某事为真，不管有没有依据（I assumed he was home，我想当然地以为他在家）；presume = 根据已有情况推断（She is presumed dead = 根据现有情况推定已死亡）；suppose = 推测/设想（I suppose it could work = 我猜这也许可行）。高考写作中 assume 常出现于批评「武断」的场景：It is wrong to assume that...（不应该想当然地认为……）。
陷阱
⚠️assume 暗含「可能出错」
He assumed the meeting was cancelled and didn't show up.
✗
他确认会议取消了，所以没来
✓
他（错误地）以为会议取消了，所以没来（实际上会议还在进行）
他以为会议取消了，结果没有出席（言下之意：他可能搞错了）。
⚠️assumption 名词形式
✗
The plan is based on the assume that costs will stay low.
该计划基于成本将保持较低水平的假设。
名词形式是 assumption，不是 assume；make an assumption / on the assumption that
✓
The plan is based on the assumption that costs will stay low.
该计划基于成本将保持较低水平的假设。
近义辨析
assumevspresume
assume默认为真，可以无依据presume基于已有证据或情况推断，有一定依据
I assumed she was a student because she looked young.
我以为她是学生，因为她看起来很年轻。
The police presumed the suspect guilty based on the evidence.
警方根据证据推定嫌疑人有罪。
assumevssuppose
assume认定某事为真，有时含武断suppose设想/推测，较谦虚，含「我猜」的语气
We assumed the event was free and didn't bring money.
我们以为活动是免费的，结果没带钱。
I suppose we could try a different approach.
我猜我们可以尝试不同的方法。
写作加分
✨ 加分词
替换：thinkbelieve without evidence
议论文批评刻板印象纠正错误认知段社会问题分析
普通
Some people think that older workers can't use technology.
有些人认为年长的工人不会使用科技。
加分 ✨
Some people wrongly assume that older workers are incapable of adapting to new technology.