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✨ 语义深度解析
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astonish
高考核心词
作文加分词
难度 2/5
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核心
展开详解
令人极度震惊,程度比「惊讶」强烈得多
astonish
比 surprise 强烈,接近「令人难以置信的震惊」。核心陷阱和 amaze 一样:
astonished
(人感到震惊)vs
astonishing
(事物令人震惊)。与 amaze 的细微区别:astonish 更强调「出乎意料、令人难以置信」的感受,amaze 更强调「令人叹服/敬佩」。两词程度相当,但语义侧重略有不同。
释义
1
v.
使大吃一惊;使震惊
The magician's final trick
astonished
the entire audience.
魔术师的最后一个把戏令全场观众
大吃一惊
。
2
adj.
(人)感到震惊的(astonished)
She was
astonished
to find her luggage missing.
发现行李不见了,她感到
震惊
。
3
adj.
(事物)令人震惊的(astonishing)
The speed of his recovery was truly
astonishing
.
他的康复速度真的
令人惊叹
。
语感
展开详解
astonished = 人的震惊,astonishing = 事物令人震惊——和 amaze 一样的规则
震惊
大吃一惊
令人惊叹(astonishing)
astonish
和
amaze
共用同一套 -ed/-ing 规则:人做主语用 astonished,事物做主语用 astonishing。两词程度都很强,但侧重不同:
amaze
= 令人叹服(含敬佩/赞叹);
astonish
= 出乎意料的震惊(含「我不敢相信」)。be astonished at/by 是固定搭配:I was astonished at/by his rudeness(他的粗鲁让我震惊)。
陷阱
⚠️
astonished vs astonishing 主语混淆
✗
The discovery was truly
astonished
.
这一发现真是令人惊叹。
discovery 是事物做主语,应用 astonishing;astonished 用于人
✓
The discovery was truly
astonishing
.
这一发现
真是令人震惊
。
⚠️
astonish vs surprise 程度
I was
astonished
when my teacher remembered my name after five years.
✗
老师记住我的名字让我普通地感到惊讶
✓
老师记住我的名字让我极度震惊(难以置信)
老师五年后还记得我的名字,让我
大为惊讶
。
近义辨析
astonish
vs
amaze
astonish
强调「出乎意料、难以置信」的震惊
amaze
强调「令人叹服/敬佩」的惊叹
She was
astonished
by the unexpected turn of events.
出乎意料的事态发展令她
震惊
。
We were
amazed
by his incredible skill on the guitar.
他出色的吉他技巧令我们
叹为观止
。
astonish
vs
surprise
astonish
极度震惊,含「难以置信」
surprise
中等程度的惊讶,意料之外但不一定震惊
Scientists were
astonished
by the rate at which the ice was melting.
冰川融化的速度令科学家们
震惊
。
It
surprised
me that he didn't call back.
他没有回电话让我感到
惊讶
。
写作加分
展开原因
✨ 加分词
替换:
surprised
shocked
描述惊人发现/数据
议论文引发震撼效果
讲述亲身经历
普通
I was
shocked
by how much plastic waste the ocean contains.
海洋中塑料垃圾的数量之多让我感到震惊。
加分 ✨
I was truly
astonished
by the staggering amount of plastic waste in our oceans.
海洋中令人震惊的大量塑料垃圾让我
深感震撼
。
为什么更好:
astonished 比 shocked 更书面,含「难以置信」之感,议论文表达对数据的震惊时更有说服力
常用搭配
be astonished at / by
对...感到震惊(人做主语)
astonishing speed / result
令人惊叹的速度/结果
it is astonishing that
令人惊叹的是……
to one's astonishment
令某人惊讶的是
never fail to astonish
总是令人叹服
词根
astonish
像 stone(石头)藏在中间——「惊到石化」,或记:a + stone + ish → 石化般的震惊
考考你
Q1
对错判断
判断下面句子里形容词用法是否正确:
The researchers were completely
astonishing
by their own findings.
研究人员对自己的发现感到完全震惊。
✓ 正确
✗ 错误
✓ 正确版本
The researchers were completely
astonished
by their own findings.
研究人员对自己的发现感到
完全震惊
。
researchers 是人做主语,感受用 astonished;astonishing 描述「令人震惊的」事物(findings could be astonishing)。
Q2
近义选词
选择最恰当的词填空:
The young athlete's performance was ___—she broke three world records in a single day.
A
astonishing
B
surprising
✓ 这位年轻运动员的表现
令人震惊
——她一天内打破了三项世界纪录。
一天内打破三项世界纪录是「难以置信」的程度,用 astonishing;surprising 只是「意料之外」,程度不足以描述如此壮举。
Q3
翻译应用
用 astonished / astonishing 翻译下面句子(可参考 writing_upgrade 字段的搭配):
令人震惊的是,全球每年有超过800万吨塑料进入海洋。
查看参考答案
It is
astonishing
that over 8 million tonnes of plastic enter the ocean every year.
关键搭配:it is astonishing that
it is astonishing that 是描述「令人难以置信的事实」的固定书面结构,后接令人震惊的数据时语气强烈,比 it is surprising that 程度更深。
接着学
点击进入该词的深度解析
amaze
近义
令人叹服,比 astonish 更强调「敬佩」感
ordinary
反义
平凡的,与 astonishing 完全对立
astonishment
同根
震惊(名词),to sb.'s astonishment
jaw-dropping
近义
令人目瞪口呆,比 astonishing 更口语化