✨ 语义深度解析
astonish
高考核心词 作文加分词 难度 2/5 ⏱ 3 分钟
核心
令人极度震惊,程度比「惊讶」强烈得多
释义
1
v.使大吃一惊;使震惊
The magician's final trick astonished the entire audience.
魔术师的最后一个把戏令全场观众大吃一惊
2
adj.(人)感到震惊的(astonished)
She was astonished to find her luggage missing.
发现行李不见了,她感到震惊
3
adj.(事物)令人震惊的(astonishing)
The speed of his recovery was truly astonishing.
他的康复速度真的令人惊叹
语感
astonished = 人的震惊,astonishing = 事物令人震惊——和 amaze 一样的规则
震惊大吃一惊令人惊叹(astonishing)
陷阱
⚠️astonished vs astonishing 主语混淆
The discovery was truly astonished.
这一发现真是令人惊叹。
discovery 是事物做主语,应用 astonishing;astonished 用于人
The discovery was truly astonishing.
这一发现真是令人震惊
⚠️astonish vs surprise 程度
I was astonished when my teacher remembered my name after five years.
老师记住我的名字让我普通地感到惊讶
老师记住我的名字让我极度震惊(难以置信)
老师五年后还记得我的名字,让我大为惊讶
近义辨析
astonish vs amaze
astonish 强调「出乎意料、难以置信」的震惊 amaze 强调「令人叹服/敬佩」的惊叹
She was astonished by the unexpected turn of events.
出乎意料的事态发展令她震惊
We were amazed by his incredible skill on the guitar.
他出色的吉他技巧令我们叹为观止
astonish vs surprise
astonish 极度震惊,含「难以置信」 surprise 中等程度的惊讶,意料之外但不一定震惊
Scientists were astonished by the rate at which the ice was melting.
冰川融化的速度令科学家们震惊
It surprised me that he didn't call back.
他没有回电话让我感到惊讶
写作加分
✨ 加分词
替换:surprisedshocked
描述惊人发现/数据议论文引发震撼效果讲述亲身经历
普通
I was shocked by how much plastic waste the ocean contains.
海洋中塑料垃圾的数量之多让我感到震惊。
加分 ✨
I was truly astonished by the staggering amount of plastic waste in our oceans.
海洋中令人震惊的大量塑料垃圾让我深感震撼
常用搭配
be astonished at / by对...感到震惊(人做主语)
astonishing speed / result令人惊叹的速度/结果
it is astonishing that令人惊叹的是……
to one's astonishment令某人惊讶的是
never fail to astonish总是令人叹服
词根
astonish 像 stone(石头)藏在中间——「惊到石化」,或记:a + stone + ish → 石化般的震惊
考考你
Q1对错判断
判断下面句子里形容词用法是否正确:
The researchers were completely astonishing by their own findings.
✓ 正确版本
The researchers were completely astonished by their own findings.
研究人员对自己的发现感到完全震惊
researchers 是人做主语,感受用 astonished;astonishing 描述「令人震惊的」事物(findings could be astonishing)。
Q2近义选词
选择最恰当的词填空:
The young athlete's performance was ___—she broke three world records in a single day.
Aastonishing
Bsurprising
✓ 这位年轻运动员的表现令人震惊——她一天内打破了三项世界纪录。
一天内打破三项世界纪录是「难以置信」的程度,用 astonishing;surprising 只是「意料之外」,程度不足以描述如此壮举。
Q3翻译应用
用 astonished / astonishing 翻译下面句子(可参考 writing_upgrade 字段的搭配):
令人震惊的是,全球每年有超过800万吨塑料进入海洋。
It is astonishing that over 8 million tonnes of plastic enter the ocean every year.
关键搭配:it is astonishing that
it is astonishing that 是描述「令人难以置信的事实」的固定书面结构,后接令人震惊的数据时语气强烈,比 it is surprising that 程度更深。
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