✨ 语义深度解析
average
高考核心词 作文加分词 难度 1/5 ⏱ 2 分钟
核心
平均;普通——数学上的均值,或指普通水平
释义
1
n.平均数,平均值
The national average for household spending on food has risen by twelve percent over the past decade.
过去十年,家庭食品支出的全国平均水平上升了12%。
2
adj.平均的;普通的,一般的
An average teenager in this country spends over six hours per day on screens, according to the latest research.
据最新研究,这个国家普通青少年每天在屏幕前花费超过六小时。
3
v.平均达到,平均为
Sales figures show that the company averages around four thousand transactions per day during peak season.
销售数据显示,该公司在旺季每天平均处理约四千笔交易。
语感
on average(平均来说);above/below average(高于/低于平均);average 也含「普通,不突出」的贬义
平均数(名词)平均的;普通的(形容词)平均达到(动词)
陷阱
⚠️on average(平均来说)vs. in average(× 错误表达)
Employees at the company work in average fifty-two hours per week, significantly above the recommended limit.
该公司员工平均每周工作52小时,远超建议上限。(× in average → ✓ on average)
「平均来说」的固定表达是 on average(介词 on),不说 × in average;× in average → ✓ on average;另一表达:on average = 作副词状语
Employees at the company work on average fifty-two hours per week, significantly above the recommended limit.
该公司员工平均每周工作52小时,远超建议上限。
⚠️average(普通)含轻微贬义,不等于 typical(典型)
The researcher noted that the average consumer makes over seventy purchasing decisions every day, many of which are habitual.
average consumer = 一般的/普通的消费者(含贬义,说消费者「普通」)
the average consumer(统计意义上的「典型/代表性」消费者,相当于 the typical consumer)是正式学术表达,此处是中性的;average 在「the average + 职业/群体」结构中通常表「代表性的」,非贬义;贬义义只在 an average performance / an average student(平庸)等主观评价语境中出现
研究人员注意到,普通消费者每天做出超过70个购买决定,其中许多是习惯性的。(the average consumer = 代表性的典型消费者,中性)
近义辨析
average vs typical
average average(平均,统计意义的代表性:the average household = 平均家庭) typical typical(典型,代表整体特征:a typical example = 典型例子;含「最能代表该类别」义)
The average adult in the UK drinks approximately three cups of tea per day, according to industry data.
行业数据显示,英国普通成年人每天喝大约三杯茶。
This case study is a typical example of how poor communication within a company can lead to project failure.
这个案例研究是公司内部沟通不畅如何导致项目失败的典型例子。
写作加分
✨ 加分词
替换:normal peoplemost peopleusually
社会现象议论文健康与生活方式话题教育话题
普通
Most people spend a lot of time on social media every day.
大多数人每天花大量时间在社交媒体上。
加分 ✨
The average young adult now spends over three hours per day on social media platforms, raising concerns about the long-term effects on concentration, sleep, and mental wellbeing.
普通年轻成年人现在每天在社交媒体平台上花费超过三小时,引发了对注意力、睡眠和心理健康长期影响的担忧。
常用搭配
on average平均来说(介词短语)
above / below average高于 / 低于平均水平
the national / global average全国 / 全球平均水平
an average of平均为(an average of 3 = 平均3个)
average out at / to平均计算后为
词根
average = a + ver + age → 联想「各个年龄段」的集合 = 平均;on average(介词 on)固定搭配,× in average
考考你
Q1对错判断
判断下面句子里的用法是否正确:
Commuters in this city spend in average two hours travelling to and from work each day, longer than in any other European capital.
✓ 正确版本
Commuters in this city spend on average two hours travelling to and from work each day, longer than in any other European capital.
该市通勤者平均每天花两小时往返于工作地点,比其他任何欧洲首都都长。
「平均来说」的固定表达是 on average(介词 on),× in average 是错误表达
Q2近义选词
选择最恰当的词填空:
This documentary follows a ___ family in rural Japan, showing how they manage daily life on a modest income.
Aaverage
Btypical
✓ 这部纪录片跟踪了日本农村的一个典型家庭,展示他们如何用有限的收入维持日常生活。
follows a specific family(跟踪某个具体家庭),这个家庭作为「最具代表性的例子」用 typical(典型的)更准确;average family(平均家庭)偏统计意义;follows a typical family = 选这个家庭作为典型代表来观察
Q3搭配还原
选择正确的词,完成句子:
Test scores this year were well ___ average, prompting the school to review its teaching strategies.
今年的考试成绩远低于平均水平,促使学校重新审视其教学策略。
Abelow
Bunder
Cbeneath
Dless
完整搭配:below average 低于平均水平(固定搭配)
below average(低于平均水平)是固定搭配;× under average / beneath average 不是固定表达;× less average 语法错误;above average(高于平均水平)是对应搭配
接着学
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