✨ 语义深度解析 ⋮
budget
高考核心词 作文加分词 难度 1/5 ⏱ 2 分钟
核心
预算；精打细算——为某目的分配的资金总额，或低成本的
释义
1
n.预算（资金计划）
The construction project was completed three months ahead of schedule and significantly under budget, impressing both the client and investors.
建设项目提前三个月完工，费用大幅低于预算，给客户和投资者留下了深刻印象。
2
adj.廉价的，经济型的
The rise of budget airlines has made air travel accessible to millions of people who previously could not afford to fly.
廉价航空公司的兴起使数百万此前无力负担机票的人能够乘坐飞机出行。
3
v.为…做预算（budget for）
Local authorities were warned to budget carefully for the increased costs of social care over the coming decade.
地方当局被警告，要仔细规划预算以应对未来十年社会护理费用的增加。
语感
on a budget（资金有限）；within/over budget（在预算内/超预算）；budget for（为…预算）；budget airline/hotel（廉价航空/经济型酒店）
预算（名词）廉价的，经济型的（形容词）为…做预算（动词）
陷阱
⚠️on a budget（资金有限）vs. within budget（在预算范围内）
The project manager was pleased to announce that the renovation had been completed two weeks early and well within budget.
✗
within budget = on a budget（两者一样，都表示「省钱」）
✓
within budget（在预算范围内，指实际花费不超过预先设定的预算金额，不含价值判断）；on a budget（资金有限，描述人/组织的财务状况：we're on a tight budget = 我们资金很紧）；此句 within budget = 没有超出预算，管理成功；on a budget = 因资金有限而节约开支；两者语义场不同
项目经理很高兴地宣布，翻新工程提前两周完工，且完全在预算范围内。（within budget = 未超出预算；on a budget = 资金紧张）
⚠️budget（廉价的，形容词）含义是「经济实惠」不一定贬义
✗
For students on a limited income, cheap airlines are the only option for travelling to see family during holidays.
对于收入有限的学生来说，廉价航空是假期探亲的唯一选择。（× cheap airline → ✓ budget airline，行业标准术语）
廉价航空的行业用语是 budget airline（经济型航空，中性）或 low-cost carrier；× cheap airline（含贬义，暗示质量差）→ ✓ budget airline；budget 作定语时表「经济型」，是行业标准术语，不含「劣质」义
✓
For students on a limited income, budget airlines are the only option for travelling to see family during holidays.
对于收入有限的学生来说，廉价航空是假期探亲的唯一选择。
近义辨析
budget vs allocation
budget budget（预算，为某目的分配的总资金：the education budget = 教育预算；set a budget = 制定预算） allocation allocation（拨款，分配的资金/资源：the allocation of funds = 资金的分配；a budget allocation = 预算拨款；比 budget 更强调「分配行为」而非「总额计划」）
The charity operates on an annual budget of just under two million pounds, covering staff, operations, and programme costs.
该慈善机构的年度预算略低于两百万英镑，涵盖人员、运营和项目成本。
The government announced a significant increase in the allocation of funds to mental health services across the country.
政府宣布大幅增加全国心理健康服务资金的拨款。
写作加分
✨ 加分词
替换：money availablemoney set asidecost limit
经济政策话题教育话题社会福利话题
普通
The school doesn't have enough money for new equipment.
学校没有足够的钱购买新设备。
加分 ✨
With school budgets under increasing pressure due to rising costs and stagnant government funding, many institutions are struggling to maintain basic resources, let alone invest in modern technology.
随着成本上升和政府资金停滞不前，学校预算承受着越来越大的压力，许多机构难以维持基本资源，更不用说投资现代技术。
常用搭配
on a (tight) budget资金有限（描述财务状况）
within / over / under budget在预算内 / 超出预算 / 低于预算
cut / slash the budget削减预算
budget for sth.为某事做预算规划
budget airline / hotel廉价航空 / 经济型酒店（行业术语）
词根
budget = bud（芽，萌芽）+ get（获得）→ 「管理好萌芽中的钱」= 预算；on a budget = 在「有限的钱芽」里活动 = 资金有限；budget airline = 「萌芽」级别的廉价 = 经济型
考考你
Q1对错判断
判断下面句子里的用法是否正确：
The local council confirmed that the new sports facility had been delivered on time and within budget, despite the challenges posed by material shortages.
within budget（在预算范围内）用法正确；on time and within budget（按时且在预算内）是项目管理的标准表达；despite the challenges 引入让步，语法正确
Q2近义选词
选择最恰当的词填空：
The committee reviewed the ___ of resources across different departments to ensure that funding was directed where it was most needed.
Abudget
Ballocation
✓ 委员会审查了各部门之间的资源分配，以确保资金被导向最需要的地方。
allocation of resources across departments（资源在部门间的分配）强调分配行为；allocation 比 budget 更强调「如何分配」的过程；reviewed the allocation（审查分配情况）是标准表达
Q3搭配还原
选择正确的介词，完成句子：
Many young graduates are travelling ___ a budget, staying in hostels and using public transport to keep costs to a minimum.
许多年轻毕业生在资金有限的情况下旅行，住在青年旅社并使用公共交通以最大限度地降低成本。
Aon
Bwithin
Cunder
Dby
完整搭配：on a budget　资金有限地（描述节约消费的状态）
on a budget（资金有限，节约开支）固定搭配；within budget = 在预算限额内完成（项目管理语境）；× under a budget / by a budget 不是固定表达；此处描述旅行者的财务状态，用 on a budget
接着学
点击进入该词的深度解析
expenditure近义支出，花费（government expenditure = 政府支出；the budget covers expenditure = 预算涵盖支出）
deficit近义赤字（budget deficit = 预算赤字；超出预算支出 = deficit）
frugal近义节俭的（live frugally = 节俭地生活；on a budget 的形容词描述）
overspend反义超支（overspend the budget = 超出预算；= come in over budget）