高频搭配：capital city（首都：the capital city of France = 法国首都）；raise / attract / invest capital（筹集/吸引/投资资本）；capital investment（资本投资）；venture capital（风险资本：venture capital firm = 风险投资公司）；human capital（人力资本：invest in human capital = 投资人力资本，即教育/培训）；social capital（社会资本：networks and trust = 社会网络和信任关系）；capital punishment（死刑：debate about capital punishment = 关于死刑的争论）；capital letter（大写字母，× capital word）；write in capitals（用大写字母写）。
陷阱
⚠️human capital（人力资本）vs. human resources（人力资源）
Economists argue that investment in education and healthcare is an investment in human capital, which drives long-term economic growth.
✗
human capital = human resources（两者一样，都指「人」）
✓
human capital（人力资本，经济学术语）= 人们的知识/技能/健康，视为可投资的「资本」；human resources（人力资源，管理术语）= 员工/劳动力的管理和招募（HR department = 人力资源部）；两者语义场不同：human capital 是经济学概念，human resources 是管理学概念；此句用 human capital 讨论教育经济学，正确
经济学家认为，对教育和医疗的投资是对人力资本的投资，这推动了长期经济增长。（human capital = 经济学术语，人的技能/知识视为资本）
⚠️capital punishment（死刑）固定搭配，不说 × capital penalty
✗
Many human rights organisations have called for the abolition of capital penalty in all countries where it is still practised.
许多人权组织呼吁在仍在实施死刑的所有国家废除死刑。（× capital penalty → ✓ capital punishment 或 the death penalty）
死刑的正式术语是 capital punishment（× capital penalty 不是标准搭配）；也说 the death penalty = 死刑（death penalty 更口语）；abolish the death penalty / abolish capital punishment；× capital penalty → ✓ capital punishment / the death penalty
✓
Many human rights organisations have called for the abolition of capital punishment in all countries where it is still practised.
许多人权组织呼吁在仍在实施死刑的所有国家予以废除。
近义辨析
capitalvsfunding
capitalcapital（资本，金融资产：raise capital = 筹集资本；capital investment = 资本投资）fundingfunding（资金，资助：government funding = 政府资金；secure funding = 获取资助；比 capital 更通用，不限于金融投资资本）
The company needs to raise additional capital to finance its planned expansion into Southeast Asian markets.
公司需要筹集额外的资本，以资助其进入东南亚市场的扩张计划。
The research project secured substantial funding from a combination of government grants and private donations.
该研究项目从政府补贴和私人捐款的组合中获得了大量资金。
写作加分
✨ 加分词
替换：moneyinvestmentskills and education
经济发展话题教育话题政策分析话题
普通
Education gives people skills and knowledge that help them get better jobs.
教育给人们提供技能和知识，帮助他们获得更好的工作。
加分 ✨
Investment in education represents an investment in human capital, equipping individuals with the skills, knowledge, and adaptability that modern economies require.
教育投资代表着对人力资本的投资，为个人提供现代经济所需的技能、知识和适应能力。
为什么更好：human capital 引入经济学框架；equipping...with 三项（skills/knowledge/adaptability）展示多维度；modern economies require 呼应经济需求
The capital of Australia is Canberra, not Sydney, which is the largest city.
澳大利亚的首都是堪培拉，而不是最大城市悉尼。
B
The start-up attracted significant venture capital after demonstrating its technology to investors.
这家初创公司在向投资者展示其技术后，吸引了大量风险资本。
C
Economists argue that education is one of the most effective ways to build capital in developing economies.
经济学家认为，教育是在发展中经济体建立资本的最有效方式之一。
D
The debate over capital punishment continues to divide societies across the world.
关于死刑的争论继续在全世界各社会中引发分歧。
D 中 capital punishment = 死刑（capital 作形容词修饰 punishment）；A 中 capital = 首都（名词）；B、C 中 capital = 资本/资金（经济名词）
Q2对错判断
判断下面句子里的用法是否正确：
Countries that invest heavily in education are essentially building their human capital, which serves as the foundation for sustainable economic development.
大力投资教育的国家本质上是在建设其人力资本，这是可持续经济发展的基础。
human capital（人力资本）用法正确，指通过教育/技能积累的人口素质；serves as the foundation for = 作为…的基础，语法正确
Q3近义选词
选择最恰当的词填空：
The charity secured substantial ___ from a major pharmaceutical company to conduct clinical trials of the new treatment.
Acapital
Bfunding
✓ 该慈善机构从一家大型制药公司获得了大量资金，用于开展新疗法的临床试验。
secured funding（获得资助）是慈善/研究语境的标准表达；funding 比 capital 更通用（资助，不一定是金融投资）；从公司获得资助做临床试验用 funding；capital 更用于商业投资/金融资本
接着学
点击进入该词的深度解析
metropolis近义大都市（the metropolis = 大城市；比 capital 更强调规模，不一定是首都）
invest近义投资（invest capital = 投入资本；capital 的动词搭配）
asset近义资产（financial assets = 金融资产；capital = 资产的一种；human capital = 人力资产）
abolish近义废除（abolish capital punishment = 废除死刑；capital punishment 的常见动词搭配）