challenge 作名词是「需要努力克服的困难/挑战」(face challenges = 面对挑战);作动词有两个关键用法:①挑战某人(challenge sb. to a debate);②质疑某观点(challenge an assumption / idea = 对某假设提出质疑)。议论文中最高频的是动词②——对权威或传统观点的 challenge(质疑)是批判性思维的核心表达。
释义
1
n.挑战;难题
Climate change remains one of the greatest challenges facing humanity.
气候变化仍是人类面临的最大挑战之一。
2
v.挑战(邀请对抗)
She challenged him to prove his argument with evidence.
她挑战他用证据来证明自己的论点。
3
v.质疑;对……提出异议
The new research challenges the traditional view of how memory works.
这项新研究质疑了关于记忆运作方式的传统观点。
语感
challenge an idea = 质疑某观点,是议论文批判性分析的核心动词
挑战(名/动)质疑(动)难题(名)
动词两个用法辨析:challenge sb.(向某人发出挑战)和 challenge sth.(质疑某事物的正确性)。后者是写作高频:challenge an assumption / a claim / conventional wisdom / the status quo。名词搭配:face / meet / overcome a challenge = 面对/迎接/克服挑战;pose a challenge = 带来挑战(主语是「事物」,不是人)。注意:pose a challenge to = 对……构成挑战,结构要准确。
陷阱
⚠️pose a challenge vs face a challenge 方向
Rapid urbanisation poses significant challenges to traditional communities.