check 是多功能词。动词：① 检查，核实（check sth. = 核实某事：check the facts = 核实事实；check for errors = 检查错误）；② 制止，控制（check the spread of = 遏制扩散）。名词：① 检查（a thorough check = 彻底检查；a background check = 背景调查）；② 制约（checks and balances = 制衡机制）；③ 支票（美式英语 check = 英式 cheque）；④ 账单（美式 check = 餐厅账单：can I have the check? = 可以结账吗？）。关键搭配：check in/out（办理入住/退房）；check up on（核查，监督）；keep in check（控制，约束：keep inflation in check = 控制通货膨胀）；a spot check（抽查）；checks and balances（制衡机制）。
释义
1
v.检查，核实（验证）
Always check that your sources are credible and up to date before including them in an academic essay.
在将来源纳入学术论文之前，务必核实来源是可信且最新的。
2
v.制止，遏制（阻止扩散/发展）
Early intervention strategies are essential to check the spread of misinformation before it becomes deeply entrenched in public belief.
早期干预策略对于在错误信息深入扎根于公众信念之前遏制其传播至关重要。
3
n.检查，核查（系统性验证）
All candidates are required to pass a thorough background check before being offered a position working with vulnerable populations.
所有候选人在被提供与弱势群体共事的职位之前，必须通过彻底的背景调查。
语感
check sth./for sth.（检查）；check in/out（入住/退房）；keep sth. in check（控制）；a background check（背景调查）；checks and balances（制衡机制）
检查，核实（动词）制止，遏制（动词）检查，核查（名词）
高频搭配：check sth.（检查某事：check your email = 查邮件；check the time = 看时间）；check for sth.（检查是否有…：check for errors = 检查错误；check for signs of damage = 检查损坏迹象）；check in / check out（入住/退房：check in at the hotel = 在酒店办理入住；check out = 退房；also = 查阅：check out the website = 查看网站）；check up on sb.（核查，监督：check up on an employee = 核查员工）；keep sth. in check（控制，约束：keep costs in check = 控制成本）；a background / security check（背景/安全检查）；a spot check（抽查：carry out spot checks = 进行抽查）；checks and balances（制衡机制：the system of checks and balances = 制衡体系）；美式：check（账单：can I have the check? / 支票：write a check）。
陷阱
⚠️checks and balances（制衡机制）——政治学固定术语
A well-functioning democracy requires a robust system of checks and balances to prevent any single branch of government from accumulating too much power.
✗
checks and balances = 「检查和平衡」（字面理解，check = 检查，balance = 平衡）
✓
checks and balances（制衡机制）是政治学固定术语：指政府各部门相互监督、防止权力过度集中的机制；check 在此 = 制约，约束（× 检查）；此词组不可分开理解；the separation of powers and checks and balances = 分权制衡
运转良好的民主制度需要健全的制衡机制，以防止任何单一政府部门积累过多权力。（checks and balances = 政治学术语，制衡）
⚠️check in（办理入住）vs. check out（退房）vs. check up on（核查）——phrasal verb 介词不同
✗
After arriving at the airport, passengers should check out at the airline counter and proceed to the departure gate.
到达机场后，乘客应在航空公司柜台办理登机手续，然后前往登机口。（× check out → ✓ check in，办理登机手续）
check in（办理入住/登机手续：check in at the hotel = 办理入住；check in for the flight = 办理登机手续）；× check out 是「退房/离开」，不是「到达时登记」；check out = 退房（from a hotel）或查看（check out the results = 查看结果）；此处是到达机场登机，应用 check in
✓
After arriving at the airport, passengers should check in at the airline counter and proceed to the departure gate.
到达机场后，乘客应在航空公司柜台办理登机手续，然后前往登机口。
近义辨析
checkvsverify
checkcheck（检查，核实：check the facts = 核实事实；check for errors = 检查错误；较口语）verifyverify（核实，证实：verify the information = 核实信息；verify one's identity = 验证身份；比 check 更正式，含「正式确认」义）
Students should always check their work for spelling mistakes before submitting it.
学生在提交作业前应始终检查拼写错误。
The passport control officer asked the traveller to verify their identity by providing a secondary form of identification.
护照管制人员要求旅行者通过提供第二份身份证件来核实其身份。
写作加分
✨ 加分词
替换：controlstoplimit
政治话题公共卫生话题经济政策话题
普通
Governments need to control the spread of fake news.
政府需要控制假新闻的传播。
加分 ✨
Governments must invest in media literacy programmes to check the unchecked spread of misinformation, which threatens informed public debate and democratic decision-making.
政府必须投资于媒体素养项目，以遏制错误信息的无管控传播，这威胁着知情的公众辩论和民主决策。
为什么更好：check the spread of 比 control 更书面学术；unchecked spread（未受遏制的传播）词义双关；threatens informed public debate and democratic decision-making 展示双重危害
常用搭配
check sth. / check for sth.检查某事 / 检查是否有…
check in / check out办理入住 / 退房（× 反向混用）
keep sth. in check控制，约束（keep costs in check = 控制成本）
a background / security check背景 / 安全检查
a spot check抽查（carry out spot checks）
checks and balances制衡机制（政治学术语）
词根
check = 「√」符号 → 核实打勾；动词：check sth. = 打勾确认 = 检查；keep in check = 「勾住不让跑」= 控制；checks and balances = 「相互打勾制约」= 制衡
考考你
Q1对错判断
判断下面句子里的用法是否正确：
The government introduced strict financial regulations to check the reckless lending practices that had contributed to the economic crisis.
政府引入严格的金融法规，以遏制曾助长经济危机的鲁莽放贷行为。
check（遏制，制止）在此作动词，表示「阻止扩散/发展」，语义正确；that had contributed to = 关系从句，修饰 practices，时态（过去完成）正确
Q2近义选词
选择最恰当的词填空：
The auditors were required to ___ all financial transactions recorded in the previous fiscal year against the original receipts.
Acheck
Bverify
✓ 审计人员被要求对照原始收据核实上一财政年度记录的所有财务交易。
verify（正式核实）适用于审计/正式确认语境；verify against original receipts = 对照原始凭证核实，是审计术语；check against 也可，但 verify 在审计/财务验证语境中更专业
Q3义项辨析
下面四个句子中，check 的含义与其他三个最不同的是：
A
Please check that all the windows are closed before you leave the office.
离开办公室前请检查所有窗户是否关好。
B
A democratic system relies on a series of checks and balances to prevent the abuse of power.
民主制度依赖一系列制衡机制来防止权力滥用。
C
Doctors regularly check patients' blood pressure as part of routine health monitoring.
医生定期检查患者血压，作为常规健康监测的一部分。
D
He checked his email several times during the meeting, which the manager found unprofessional.
他在会议期间多次查看邮件，这让经理觉得不专业。
B 中 checks = 制约，制衡（政治学名词：checks and balances = 制衡机制）；A、C、D 中 check = 检查，核实（动词，验证/确认某事状态）
接着学
点击进入该词的深度解析
inspect近义检查，视察（inspect the premises = 检查场所；比 check 更正式，强调官方检查）