college 在英美英语中含义有所不同。英式:① 学院(大学的组成部分):Oxford has many colleges(牛津有许多学院);② 专科学院(further education college);③ 某些中学(Eton College = 伊顿公学)。美式:① 大学(= university,泛指高等教育机构:go to college = 上大学);② 学院(大学内的一个学院:the College of Engineering = 工程学院)。关键搭配:go to college(上大学,美式);college education(大学教育);college degree(大学学位);college campus(大学校园);electoral college(选举人团,美国政治术语)。
释义
1
n.(美式)大学(高等教育机构)
In the United States, the cost of attending college has risen dramatically over the past three decades, placing significant financial pressure on students and families.
在美国,过去三十年间上大学的费用急剧上涨,给学生和家庭带来了巨大的经济压力。
2
n.(英式)学院(大学的组成部分,或专科学院)
She studied philosophy at Balliol College, one of the oldest and most prestigious colleges within the University of Oxford.
她在贝利奥尔学院学习哲学,这是牛津大学最古老、最负盛名的学院之一。
语感
go to college(上大学,美式);college degree(大学学位);college education(大学教育);college campus(大学校园);electoral college(选举人团)
大学(美式,= university)学院(英式,大学的组成部分或专科学院)
高频搭配:go to college / attend college(上大学,美式:go to college after high school = 高中毕业后上大学);a college degree / college education(大学学位/教育);college campus(大学校园);college tuition(学费:college tuition fees = 大学学费);community college(社区大学,美国:affordable two-year college = 两年制实惠社区大学);electoral college(选举人团:the US Electoral College = 美国选举人团);英美辨析:go to college(美式 = 上大学;英式 = 上专科学院);go to university(英式 = 上大学,指学士及以上学位教育)。
陷阱
⚠️英美差异:go to college(美式 = 上大学)vs. go to university(英式 = 上大学)
In the UK, students typically say they are 'going to university' when starting their undergraduate studies, while in the US the equivalent expression is 'going to college'.
✗
go to college 和 go to university 在英式英语中完全一样
✓
英式:go to university(上大学,指学士及以上的高等教育);go to college(英式:上专科学院/职业学院,不一定是大学学位课程);美式:go to college(= go to university,泛指上大学);在写作时要注意语境:美式写作中 college 可以指任何大学;英式写作中 college 不能随意替代 university
在英国,学生通常说他们「去上大学」(going to university)开始本科学习,而在美国,等效表达是「going to college」。
⚠️electoral college(选举人团)——专有名词,不可字面理解
✗
The presidential candidate focused campaigning on key swing states to win the popular vote rather than the electoral college of universities.
这位总统候选人将竞选重点放在关键摇摆州,以赢得选举人团而非普选票。(× electoral college of universities → ✓ Electoral College,是政治术语)
electoral college(选举人团)是美国政治固定术语,指代表各州选举总统的代表人团;× electoral college of universities(字面理解为「大学选举学院」)完全错误;Electoral College(大写)= 美国总统选举制度中的选举人团;a college in this context ≠ 教育机构
✓
The presidential candidate focused campaigning on key swing states to maximise the number of Electoral College votes.
总统候选人将竞选重点放在关键摇摆州,以最大化获得选举人团票数。
近义辨析
collegevsuniversity
collegecollege(大学,美式:go to college = 上大学;也指学院/组成部分)universityuniversity(大学,英式首选;美式也用,但偏指研究型大学:Harvard University;比 college 在英式中更明确指本科/研究生学位机构)
In the United States, access to college education remains unequal, with students from lower-income families significantly less likely to enrol.
在美国,获得大学教育的机会仍然不平等,来自低收入家庭的学生入学可能性明显较低。
In the United Kingdom, the expansion of university places since the 1990s has dramatically changed the demographic profile of graduates.
在英国,自1990年代以来大学名额的扩张极大地改变了毕业生的人口结构。
写作加分
✨ 加分词
替换:schoolplace of learning
教育话题经济不平等话题社会话题
普通
Not everyone can afford to go to school after the age of 18.
不是每个人都能负担得起18岁后继续上学的费用。
加分 ✨
Despite the expansion of higher education, access to college remains deeply unequal, with students from disadvantaged backgrounds disproportionately likely to be deterred by tuition costs and student debt.