contribute 有两个核心结构:①contribute to sth. = 促成/导致(contribute to climate change = 导致气候变化;contribute to society = 为社会做贡献)——to 后接名词;②contribute sth. to = 向某处捐献/贡献某物(contribute money to charity = 向慈善机构捐款)。两者结构相近但含义不同,靠 to 前是否有宾语来区分。
释义
1
v.促成;导致(contribute to)
Deforestation contributes significantly to global warming.
森林砍伐对全球变暖有显著的促成作用。
2
v.贡献;捐献(contribute sth. to)
Each member contributed ideas to the group discussion.
每位成员都向小组讨论贡献了想法。
3
v.撰稿;投稿(contribute to a publication)
She regularly contributes articles to an environmental magazine.
她定期为一份环保杂志撰稿。
语感
contribute to 后可接「问题」(导致)也可接「成果」(贡献)——上下文决定褒贬
促成导致贡献捐献
关键辨析:contribute to + 负面结果(contribute to pollution / crime / inequality = 导致污染/犯罪/不平等)是负面用法;contribute to + 正面结果(contribute to success / well-being / growth = 促进成功/健康/增长)是正面用法。上下文决定褒贬,词本身中性。名词:contribution = 贡献;make a contribution to = 为……做出贡献(议论文高频搭配)。
陷阱
⚠️contribute to 后接名词(不接 that 从句或动词)
✗
Stress contributes to that people develop heart disease.
压力促成人们患心脏病。
contribute to 后接名词短语,不接 that 从句;应改为 the development of heart disease
✓
Stress contributes to the development of heart disease.
压力促进了心脏病的发展。
⚠️contribute to 的「to」是介词不是不定式标志
Exercise contributes to improving mental health.
✗
to 是不定式标志,接动词原形 improve
✓
contribute to 中的 to 是介词,后接名词或动名词(improving),不接动词原形(improve)
Poor diet and lack of exercise both contribute to obesity.
不良饮食和缺乏运动都导致了肥胖。
The storm led to widespread flooding across the region.
暴风雨导致该地区大范围洪涝。
写作加分
✨ 加分词
替换:causehelpplay a role in
议论文分析原因环保/社会话题谈个人对社会的贡献
普通
Technology helps economic growth.
技术有助于经济增长。
加分 ✨
Technological innovation contributes significantly to economic growth by increasing productivity and creating new industries.
技术创新通过提高生产力和创造新产业,对经济增长做出了显著贡献。
为什么更好:contributes significantly to 比 helps 更书面,且可以量化程度(significantly / greatly / considerably),后面还可以接 by doing 说明机制,是议论文分析原因的核心句型
常用搭配
contribute to sth.促成/有助于/导致……(to后接名词)
contribute sth. to向……捐献/贡献某物
make a contribution to为……做出贡献(名词搭配)
contribute significantly / greatly显著/大幅贡献
contribute to the discussion为讨论做贡献;参与讨论
词根
con(共同)+ tribute(给予)→ contribute = 「共同给予」→ 贡献、捐献
考考你
Q1对错判断
判断下面句子里 contribute 的用法是否正确:
Volunteering contributes to develop a sense of social responsibility.
志愿服务有助于培养社会责任感。
✓ 正确版本
Volunteering contributes todeveloping a sense of social responsibility.
志愿服务有助于培养社会责任感。
contribute to 中的 to 是介词,后接动名词(developing),不是不定式(develop)。这是 contribute to 最常见的结构错误。
Q2义项辨析
下面哪个句子里 contribute 的用法和其他三个最不同?
A
Air pollution contributes to respiratory disease.
空气污染导致呼吸道疾病。
B
Each student was asked to contribute ideas to the project.
每位学生被要求为项目贡献想法。
C
Stress and poor sleep both contribute to declining academic performance.
压力和睡眠不足都导致学业成绩下降。
D
Urbanisation contributes to the growing demand for public transport.
城镇化促成了对公共交通日益增长的需求。
A/C/D 中 contribute to 均表示「促成/导致某结果」;B 中 contribute sth. to(向……贡献某物)是「捐献/贡献具体内容」,结构和含义不同。
Q3翻译应用
用 contribute to 翻译下面句子(可参考 writing_upgrade 字段):
社交媒体的普及对年轻人孤独感的增加有显著的促成作用,因为它以虚拟互动取代了真实的人际联结。
The widespread use of social media contributes significantly to increasing loneliness among young people, as it replaces genuine human connection with virtual interaction.
关键搭配:contributes significantly to increasing
contributes significantly to + 动名词(increasing)展示了contribute to的正确结构;significantly 量化程度,by/as 说明机制,是议论文分析原因的完整框架。
接着学
点击进入该词的深度解析
contribution同语义场贡献(名词),make a contribution to 是核心书面搭配
factor同语义场因素,contribute to 的名词版——contributing factor = 促成因素