The earthquake caused severe damage to buildings across the city.
地震对全城建筑造成了严重损坏。
2
v.损坏;损害
Overexposure to the sun can seriously damage your skin.
过度暴露在阳光下会严重损伤皮肤。
3
n. (pl.)赔偿金(法律术语)
The company was ordered to pay damages to the injured workers.
该公司被勒令向受伤工人支付赔偿金。
语感
damage 不可数,不能说「a damage」;damages(复数)= 法律赔偿金,是独立义项
损坏(名,不可数)损害(动)赔偿金(名,复数,法律)
不可数名词记法:damage(损坏)不可数——如果想说「一次损坏」,用 an instance of damage 或 the damage done。固定搭配:cause damage to(对……造成损害);do damage to(对……造成损害);limit / minimise the damage(限制/减少损害);irreversible damage(不可逆的损害,议论文高频形容词搭配)。
陷阱
⚠️damage 不可数——「a damage」是错误
✗
The typhoon caused a severe damage to the coastal region.
台风对沿海地区造成了严重损坏。
damage 作名词不可数,不能加冠词 a;去掉冠词或改成 serious damage
✓
The typhoon caused severe damage to the coastal region.
台风对沿海地区造成了严重损坏。
⚠️damage vs harm 的使用场景
Smoking damages the lungs and harms the cardiovascular system.