✨ 语义深度解析
decent
高考核心词 作文加分词 难度 1/5 ⏱ 2 分钟
核心
体面的;像样的;正派的——达到可接受标准,或合乎道德规范
释义
1
adj.体面的,像样的(达到合理标准)
Every worker deserves access to a decent standard of living, including affordable housing, healthcare, and secure employment.
每个工人都应该获得体面的生活水平,包括可负担的住房、医疗保健和稳定的就业。
2
adj.正派的,正直的(道德品质)
He was widely regarded as a decent and honourable man who always put the interests of his community before his own.
他被普遍认为是一个正派而高尚的人,总是将社区利益置于个人利益之上。
语感
a decent salary / wage(像样的薪资);decent living standards(体面的生活水平);a decent person(正派的人);common decency(基本礼貌/道德准则);decently(副词:得体地)
体面的,像样的(a decent meal = 像样的一顿饭)正派的,正直的(a decent person)得体的(decently dressed = 穿着得体)
陷阱
⚠️decent(体面的,口语化)——书面避免过度使用
The research reveals that a significant proportion of low-paid workers are unable to afford decent housing within a reasonable commuting distance of their workplace.
decent 过于口语,× 不用于正式书面
decent 在正式书面英语中完全可以接受,尤其在社会政策和人权话语中:decent housing = 体面的住房(与 international right to decent housing 中用法相同);decent work(体面劳动,国际劳工组织术语:ILO's 'decent work' agenda);× 过度替换为 adequate(足够的)会失去「体面/尊严」的道德含义;此句 decent housing 是书面正式用法
研究揭示,相当比例的低薪工人无法在合理通勤距离内负担体面的住房。(decent housing = 正式书面词,非仅口语)
⚠️decency(名词)——common decency(基本礼貌准则)固定搭配
It is a matter of basic decence to acknowledge someone's contribution before criticising their work in public.
在公开批评某人的工作之前承认他们的贡献,这是基本礼貌的问题。(× decence → ✓ decency,正确拼写)
decency(名词)= 体面,礼貌,正派;× decence = 拼写错误(正确:decency);common decency = 基本礼貌准则:common decency requires that = 基本礼貌要求;have the decency to do = 有礼貌/道义感去做某事(have the decency to apologise = 有礼貌地道歉)
It is a matter of basic decency to acknowledge someone's contribution before criticising their work in public.
在公开批评某人的工作之前承认他们的贡献,这是基本礼貌的问题。(decency,× decence)
近义辨析
decent vs respectable
decent decent(体面的,正派的:a decent person = 正派的人;decent living standards = 体面的生活水平;强调「达到基本标准或道德准则」) respectable respectable(受人尊重的,地位良好的:a respectable institution = 受人尊重的机构;a respectable amount = 相当可观的数量;比 decent 更强调「赢得了社会地位/尊重」)
The policy proposal aims to ensure that all workers, regardless of sector, are entitled to a decent minimum wage and safe working conditions.
该政策提案旨在确保所有工人,无论行业如何,都有权获得体面的最低工资和安全的工作条件。
Graduates from the programme go on to build respectable careers in law, medicine, finance, and public service.
该项目的毕业生继续在法律、医学、金融和公共服务领域建立受人尊重的职业生涯。
写作加分
✨ 加分词
替换:good enoughokayacceptable
社会问题议论文政策分析话题职场话题
普通
Workers should have good enough pay and working conditions.
工人应该有足够好的薪酬和工作条件。
加分 ✨
Ensuring that all workers have access to decent work — defined by fair wages, safe conditions, and social protection — is not merely an economic goal but a fundamental human rights obligation.
确保所有工人都能获得体面的工作——以公平工资、安全条件和社会保障为定义——不仅是经济目标,更是基本人权义务。
常用搭配
a decent salary / wage像样的薪资/工资
decent living standards / housing体面的生活水平/住房
a decent person正派的人
common decency基本礼貌准则(× decence)
have the decency to do有礼貌/道义感去做
词根
decent = de(向下)+ cent(百,拉丁 centum)→ 「从一百(满分)向下合理位置」= 像样的,达标的;decency = 体面;indecent = 不体面的,不雅的(in- 反义);decently = 体面地
考考你
Q1对错判断
判断下面句子里的用法是否正确:
The report argues that access to decent housing should be treated as a fundamental right rather than a commodity dependent on market forces.
decent housing(体面住房)用法正确,政策话语标准用法;rather than a commodity = 对比结构;dependent on market forces = 后置定语,语法正确
Q2近义选词
选择最恰当的词填空:
The university is known for producing graduates who go on to have ___ careers in both the public and private sectors.
Adecent
Brespectable
✓ 该大学以培养在公共和私营部门都能建立受人尊重的职业生涯的毕业生而闻名。
respectable careers(受人尊重的职业生涯)比 decent careers 更自然;respectable 强调「赢得社会地位/认可」;decent careers 可理解为「勉强过得去的职业」,语气较低;known for producing = 正面表扬语境,用 respectable
Q3义项辨析
下面四个句子中,decent 的含义与其他三个最不同的是:
A
After months of poor meals on the road, she finally sat down to a decent home-cooked dinner.
B
The investigation found no evidence of wrongdoing; by all accounts, she was a thoroughly decent individual.
C
The programme is designed to help long-term unemployed people find decent work that pays a living wage.
D
The foundation works to ensure that every child has access to a decent education, regardless of their background or location.
B 中 decent = 正派的,正直的(a decent individual = 品格正直的人);A 中 decent = 像样的(a decent meal = 像样的一顿饭);C 中 decent = 体面的(decent work = 体面工作,ILO术语);D 中 decent = 体面的(decent education = 体面的教育)
接着学
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