demonstrate 有两个方向:①证明/表明(demonstrate that... = 证明……,常用于研究/论证);②示范/展示(demonstrate how to do sth. = 示范如何做某事)。议论文中①极为高频:research demonstrates that(研究证明)/ demonstrate the importance of(证明……的重要性)。与 show:show 更口语、通用;demonstrate 更书面,隐含「有证据/数据支撑」的力量。
释义
1
v.证明;表明(demonstrate that)
The study demonstrates that regular exercise reduces the risk of depression.
研究证明,规律运动能降低抑郁症的风险。
2
v.示范;展示(操作/技能)
The chef demonstrated how to fold a dumpling for the students.
厨师为学生示范了如何包饺子。
3
v.游行示威(demonstrate against/for)
Thousands gathered in the capital to demonstrate against the new policy.
数千人聚集在首都示威反对新政策。
语感
research / evidence demonstrates that = 研究/证据表明——是议论文引用证据的最高频书面动词之一
证明表明示范示威(游行)
议论文三种引用方式:demonstrate that(直接引出结论);demonstrate the link between(证明……之间的关联);demonstrate the effectiveness of(证明……的有效性)。区别:demonstrate > prove > show > suggest 在「确定性」上递减——demonstrate 暗示「通过实验/数据提供了令人信服的证明」,比 suggest(暗示)强,比 prove(100%证明)略弱。
陷阱
⚠️demonstrate that(接从句)vs demonstrate sth.(接名词)
The experiment demonstrates that biodegradable packaging can significantly reduce landfill waste.
✗
demonstrate 后不能接 that 从句
✓
demonstrate 可以接 that 从句(证明……),也可以直接接名词宾语(demonstrate the effectiveness of);两者均合法
实验证明,可生物降解包装能显著减少填埋垃圾。
⚠️demonstrate(示威游行)主语是「参与者」
✗
The government demonstrated against the new tax.
政府就新税收进行了示威游行。(逻辑错误)
demonstrate(示威)通常是「民众/群体」反对某政策,而非政府;政府是示威的对象
✓
Citizens demonstrated against the new tax imposed by the government.