✨ 语义深度解析
describe
高考核心词 作文加分词 难度 2/5 ⏱ 3 分钟
核心
描述某事物的样子或性质——describe sth. as = 把……描述/形容为
释义
1
v.描述;描绘(人/事物/场景)
The witness described the suspect as tall with short brown hair.
证人将嫌疑人描述为身材高挑、留着棕色短发。
2
v.把……形容为(describe sth. as)
Economists describe the current situation as the most challenging in decades.
经济学家将当前形势形容为数十年来最具挑战性的。
语感
describe ... as = 「将……形容/定性为」——引述他人评价或分类的核心书面结构
描述描绘形容为(describe as)
陷阱
⚠️describe 不能加 about
Could you describe about your experience in China?
你能描述一下你在中国的经历吗?
describe 直接接宾语,不加介词 about;「描述关于……」只需说 describe your experience
Could you describe your experience in China?
你能描述一下你在中国的经历吗?
⚠️describe sth. to sb.(双宾语需介词 to)
She described me the scene in great detail.
她非常详细地向我描述了那个场景。
describe 不支持双宾语结构(describe sb. sth.);需要 describe sth. to sb.
She described the scene to me in great detail.
她非常详细地向我描述了那个场景。
近义辨析
describe vs portray
describe 描述(语言),中性陈述某事物的特征 portray 描绘/刻画(书面,常用于艺术/文学),含有意识的「呈现/诠释」意涵
The report describes the living conditions in refugee camps as dire.
报告将难民营的生活条件描述为极度恶劣。
The novel portrays war as both heroic and deeply tragic.
这部小说将战争描绘为既英勇又深刻悲剧性的。
写作加分
✨ 加分词
替换:saycall
议论文引述他人评价分析现象定性说明文描述特征
普通
Many experts call social media a double-edged sword.
许多专家把社交媒体称为双刃剑。
加分 ✨
Many experts describe social media as a double-edged sword, capable of both connecting communities and deepening social divisions.
许多专家将社交媒体形容为一把双刃剑,既能联结社区,又能加深社会分裂。
常用搭配
describe sth. as把某事物形容/描述为……
be described as被形容/描述为……(高频被动式)
describe sth. to sb.向某人描述某事(不能双宾语)
describe in detail详细描述
accurately / vividly describe准确/生动地描述
词根
de(完全)+ scribe(写)→ describe = 「完整地写出来」→ 描述
考考你
Q1对错判断
判断下面句子里 describe 的用法是否正确:
The tour guide described us the history of the ancient temple.
✓ 正确版本
The tour guide described the history of the ancient temple to us.
导游向我们描述了那座古庙的历史。
describe 不支持双宾语结构(describe sb. sth.);「向某人描述某事」必须用 describe sth. to sb.,即宾语后加 to + 人。
Q2搭配还原
选择正确的词,补全固定搭配:
The condition has been ___ as life-threatening by leading cardiologists.
这种病情被心脏病学权威描述/定性为危及生命。
Adescribed
Btold
Ccalled
Dnamed
完整搭配:be described as 被描述/定性为……
be described as 是「被定性/形容为某种状态」的书面高频被动式;called / named 也可表示「叫做」,但 described as 更强调「根据特征的定性描述」,在医学/学术语境更精准。
Q3翻译应用
用 describe ... as 翻译下面句子(可参考 writing_upgrade 字段):
批评者将这项新经济政策形容为对富人有利而忽视弱势群体的短视之举。
Critics describe the new economic policy as a short-sighted measure that benefits the wealthy while neglecting vulnerable groups.
关键搭配:describe the policy as a short-sighted measure
describe sth. as + 名词短语(a short-sighted measure)是议论文引述批评性评价的书面核心结构,比 call 更正式,比 say it is 更精炼。
接着学
点击进入该词的深度解析