✨ 语义深度解析
evidence
高考核心词 作文加分词 难度 2/5 ⏱ 3 分钟
核心
「证据;证明」——不可数名词(无复数形式 evidences);a piece of evidence 表示「一条证据」
释义
1
n. (不可数)证据;迹象;证明
There is compelling evidence that regular physical activity reduces the risk of chronic disease.
有令人信服的证据表明,规律的体育锻炼能降低慢性病风险。
2
n. (不可数)证据(用于表达「某事物的明显迹象」)
The deteriorating infrastructure is clear evidence of years of underinvestment.
日益老化的基础设施是多年投资不足的明显迹象
语感
a growing body of evidence = 越来越多的证据——议论文引入研究支持时的书面高频表达
证据/证明(名,不可数)迹象(名,不可数)
陷阱
⚠️evidence 是不可数名词(无复数 evidences)
Scientists have gathered evidence from multiple studies to support this theory.
Scientists have gathered evidences(加复数 -s)
evidence 永远不加复数;「多条证据」用 much evidence / a great deal of evidence / pieces of evidence,不用 evidences;这是中国学生最常犯的错误
科学家从多项研究中收集了证据来支持这一理论。
⚠️evidence of(接名词)vs evidence that(接从句)
There is clear evidence of the policy has worked.
有明确证据表明该政策已经奏效。
evidence of 后接名词(不接从句):evidence of success(成功的证据);evidence that 后接从句:evidence that the policy has worked(该政策奏效的证据);不能混用成 evidence of + 从句
There is clear evidence that the policy has worked.
有明确证据表明该政策已经奏效。
近义辨析
evidence vs proof
evidence 证据,支持某结论,但不必然100%确定,可有争议 proof 确凿证明,表示100%确定无疑的证明,几乎无法辩驳
There is mounting evidence linking air pollution to cognitive decline, though more research is needed.
越来越多的证据将空气污染与认知衰退联系起来,尽管还需要更多研究。
The DNA analysis provided conclusive proof of the suspect's innocence.
DNA分析提供了嫌疑人无罪的确凿证明
写作加分
✨ 加分词
替换:shows thatproves thatwe know that
议论文引入研究证据科学/政策论证学术写作
普通
Research shows that exercise is good for mental health.
研究表明锻炼对心理健康有益。
加分 ✨
A growing body of evidence suggests that regular exercise not only improves physical health but also reduces symptoms of anxiety and depression, with effects comparable to pharmacological interventions.
越来越多的证据表明,规律运动不仅改善身体健康,还能缓解焦虑和抑郁症状,效果可与药物干预相媲美。
常用搭配
there is growing / compelling / substantial evidence that有越来越多/令人信服/大量证据表明……
a growing body of evidence越来越多的证据群(书面,强调累积性)
provide / present / offer evidence提供/呈现/给出证据
evidence of + 名词 / evidence that + 从句……的证据(接名词)/ ……的证据(接从句)
a piece of evidence一条证据(不可数名词的计量表达)
词根
evi(看见)+ dence(行动)→ evidence = 「可以看见的东西」→ 证据;related: evident(明显可见的)、evidently(显然地)
考考你
Q1对错判断
判断下面句子里 evidence 的用法是否正确:
The researchers collected evidences from five different countries to support their hypothesis.
✓ 正确版本
The researchers collected evidence from five different countries to support their hypothesis.
研究人员从五个不同国家收集了证据来支持他们的假设。
evidence 是不可数名词,没有复数形式 evidences;「多条证据」用 evidence(单数形式)或 a great deal of evidence / pieces of evidence,不能加 -s。
Q2近义选词
选择最恰当的词填空:
There is strong ___ suggesting a link between childhood stress and adult health outcomes, though scientists are still debating the mechanisms involved.
Aevidence
Bproof
✓ 有强有力的证据表明儿童期压力与成年后健康结果之间存在关联,尽管科学家仍在争论其中的机制。
evidence 指「支持某结论的证据,但还有争议空间」,与 though scientists are still debating(仍在争论)相符;proof 表示「确凿证明,无可辩驳」,与「仍在争论」矛盾——因此只能用 evidence。
Q3翻译应用
用 evidence 翻译下面句子(可参考 writing_upgrade 字段):
越来越多的证据表明,城市绿化不仅可以降低气温,还能显著改善居民的心理健康,这使得城市规划者有充分理由将绿色基础设施纳入城市设计。
A growing body of evidence suggests that urban greening not only reduces temperatures but also significantly improves residents' mental health, giving urban planners compelling grounds to integrate green infrastructure into city design.
关键搭配:A growing body of evidence suggests that
A growing body of evidence suggests that(越来越多的证据表明)是议论文引入研究支持的最书面结构;giving planners compelling grounds to(给规划者充分理由)是「证据→政策建议」的因果推进,是议论文「从数据到主张」的规范句型。
接着学
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