examine 有三个核心用法:①仔细审视/研究(examine evidence / examine an argument = 审视证据/论点)——学术议论文最高频用法;②医学检查(examine a patient / the doctor examined the wound = 医生检查伤口);③考试(be examined in Mathematics = 参加数学考试,较正式)。名词 examination = ①检查;②考试(= exam)。与 investigate:investigate 侧重「调查原因或真相」(常含「有问题需要查明」的意涵);examine 侧重「仔细审视/研究」(不一定含「有问题」的假设)。
释义
1
v.仔细审视;研究;考察
The commission was asked to examine the relationship between social media usage and adolescent mental health.
委员会被要求审视社交媒体使用与青少年心理健康之间的关系。
2
v.检查(医学);考察(考试)
The doctor thoroughly examined the patient before recommending a course of treatment.
医生在推荐治疗方案之前对患者进行了彻底检查。
语感
examine critically = 批判性地审视——学术写作中分析论点的核心动词
审视/研究(动)检查/考察(动)检查/考试(examination,名)
学术写作高频搭配:examine critically(批判性审视);examine the extent to which(审视……在多大程度上)——这是学术题目常见的任务词;examine the implications of(审视……的含义/影响)。被动形式:be closely / carefully / thoroughly examined(被仔细/彻底审视)。注意:examination 的「考试」义在日常英语中常被简写为 exam;但在正式文件和场合中仍用 examination(如 the final examination)。
陷阱
⚠️examine 侧重「仔细审视」,不含「发现问题」的假设
The report examines the potential benefits and risks of introducing AI in educational settings.
She passed her examination of the problem successfully.
她成功通过了对这个问题的检查。(表述有歧义)
「对问题的检查」不用 examination of(examination of 更接近「对……的审视」,但主语通常是人或机构,不是「通过检查」的结果);应说 examination of the problem(对问题的审视);而 pass an examination(通过考试)中 examination = 考试,是可数名词
✓
After thorough examination of the evidence, the jury reached a verdict.
This study critically examines the impact of globalisation on cultural identity in developing countries, identifying gaps in existing literature regarding local adaptation mechanisms.
关键搭配:critically examines ... identifying gaps
critically examines(批判性审视)是学术摘要(abstract)中最标准的任务动词;identifying gaps in existing literature(指出现有文献的不足)是学术写作「研究贡献」的规范表达,分词状语结构简洁有力。