✨ 语义深度解析
expect
高考核心词 作文加分词 难度 2/5 ⏱ 3 分钟
核心
「预期;期望;预计」——基于推断认为某事会发生,与 hope(主观希望)不同
释义
1
v.预计;预期(认为某事很可能发生)
Economists expect inflation to decline gradually over the next two years.
经济学家预计通货膨胀将在未来两年内逐渐下降。
2
v.期望(某人做某事)
The manager expects all team members to submit their reports by Friday.
经理期望所有团队成员在周五前提交报告。
语感
be expected to do = 预计/应该做——新闻和正式写作中最高频的被动结构
预计/预期(动)期望(动)期望/预期(expectation,名)
陷阱
⚠️expect sb. to do(不接动名词,to 不能省略)
The professor expects students to submit a draft before the final deadline.
expect sb. doing(接动名词)或 expect sb. submit(省略 to)
expect + 宾语 + to do(不定式);不能写 expect students doing 或 expect students submit;与 want/ask/require 同类,都是「宾语 + 不定式」结构
教授期望学生在最终截止日期前提交初稿。
⚠️expect(基于推断预期)vs hope(主观希望)
I expect we'll have sunny weather during the trip — it would really make the holiday special.
我希望旅途中会有晴天——这会让假期变得特别美好。
若发言者只是「希望」有好天气(无天气预报依据),应用 hope;expect 暗示「基于某种依据/推断,认为大概率会发生」;若有天气预报,用 expect 正确;若只是表达希望,用 hope 更准确
I hope we'll have sunny weather during the trip — it would really make the holiday special.
希望旅途中会有晴天——这会让假期变得特别美好。
近义辨析
expect vs hope
expect 预期/期待,基于推断认为某事很可能发生,含「一定程度的把握」 hope 希望,主观期望某事发生,不一定有实现的把握,含「愿望」的意涵
With the current trend, analysts expect unemployment to fall below 4% by year-end.
按照当前趋势,分析师预计失业率将在年底前降至4%以下。
We hope the new policy will address the root causes of youth unemployment.
我们希望新政策能解决青年失业的根本原因。
写作加分
✨ 加分词
替换:think willprobably willwe believe
议论文预测趋势政策评估经济/社会话题
普通
We think the new regulations will reduce pollution.
我们认为新法规将减少污染。
加分 ✨
Regulators expect the new emission standards to reduce air pollution by up to 40% within a decade, though critics argue that compliance timelines remain unrealistically tight.
监管机构预计新的排放标准将在十年内将空气污染减少多达40%,尽管批评者认为合规时间表仍不切实际地紧张。
常用搭配
expect sb. to do期望某人做……(核心结构)
be expected to do预计/应该做……(高频被动结构)
meet / exceed / fall short of expectations达到/超过/未达预期(名词搭配)
contrary to expectations与预期相反
raise / lower expectations提高/降低期望
词根
ex(向外)+ pect(看)→ expect = 「向前看/眺望」→ 预期(望向未来);expectation = 对未来的「眺望」
考考你
Q1对错判断
判断下面句子里 expect 的用法是否正确:
The new transport infrastructure is expected to reduce commute times significantly across the region.
be expected to do(预计做……)是标准被动结构,新闻和学术写作中高频;此句完全正确。
Q2近义选词
选择最恰当的词填空:
The research team ___ to publish their findings within the year, based on the current pace of data analysis.
Aexpects
Bhopes
✓ 研究团队预计将在年内发布研究结果,依据是当前的数据分析进度。
based on the current pace(基于当前进度)说明这是「有依据的推断」,用 expects 正确;hopes 表示「主观希望」,缺乏依据支撑;此句明确有依据,故 expects 更准确。
Q3翻译应用
用 expect 或 expectation 翻译下面句子(可参考 writing_upgrade 字段):
与预期相反,增加课堂作业量并未提升学生的学业成绩;相关研究预计,减少无效练习反而能提高深度学习的质量。
Contrary to expectations, increasing homework loads has not improved student academic performance; research expects — or rather suggests — that reducing unproductive drills may instead enhance the quality of deep learning.
关键搭配:Contrary to expectations ... expects / suggests
contrary to expectations(与预期相反)是议论文「推翻常见假设」的经典开头;expects 在此处(research expects)可用,但学术写作更常用 suggests(研究表明)——因为 expect 通常有主观主体,而研究是客观的;故答案同时展示了这个细微辨析。
接着学
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