frustrate 的核心是「阻挠使目标无法实现」——可以是计划被挫败（frustrate a plan）、努力被阻碍（frustrate attempts）、或人因此产生的沮丧感（feel frustrated）。注意：frustrate 的主语是「造成挫折的事物」，而非「感到挫折的人」。
释义
1
v.使沮丧，使受挫（主语是令人沮丧的事物）
The long delays frustrated passengers waiting at the airport.
长时间的延误让在机场等候的乘客感到沮丧。
2
v.挫败，阻碍（使计划/努力失败）
Bad weather frustrated all attempts to reach the summit.
恶劣的天气挫败了所有登顶的尝试。
语感
frustrated = 我努力了，但被拦住了——沮丧来自无能为力
使沮丧使受挫挫败阻碍
frustrated（感到沮丧的）和 frustrating（令人沮丧的）是高频考点，用法与 fascinated/fascinating 类似：frustrated 描述人的状态，frustrating 描述事物的特质。I was frustrated by the lack of progress vs. It was a frustrating experience。另外，frustrate 和 disappoint 都表示「让人失落」，但 frustrated 强调「努力被阻拦」的无力感，disappoint 更强调「期待落空」的失落感。
陷阱
⚠️frustrated vs. frustrating：人 vs. 事物
✗
The traffic jam was frustrated and made everyone late.
（误）塞车令人沮丧，让所有人都迟到了。
frustrated 描述人「感到沮丧」，不能用于事物；事物令人沮丧用 frustrating
✓
The traffic jam was frustrating and made everyone late.
塞车令人沮丧，让所有人都迟到了。
⚠️frustrate vs. disappoint：努力被拦 vs. 期望落空
She was disappointed that her application was rejected.