✨ 语义深度解析
innocent
高考核心词 作文加分词 难度 2/5 ⏱ 3 分钟
核心
没做错事,或对坏事一无所知
释义
1
adj.无罪的,清白的(法律语境)
The jury found the defendant innocent of all charges.
陪审团裁定被告所有指控均无罪
2
adj.天真无邪的,纯洁的
Children's innocent questions can sometimes reveal uncomfortable truths.
孩子们天真无邪的问题有时能揭示令人不舒服的真相。
3
adj.不知情的,无辜的(对某事毫不知情)
She was completely innocent of any involvement in the scheme.
她对这个阴谋毫无参与,完全是无辜的。
语感
innocent = 没有「害人的心」——无罪、无辜、天真,三义同根
无罪的无辜的天真的纯洁的
陷阱
⚠️innocent vs. naive:纯洁天真 vs. 幼稚轻信
It was naive of him to believe that the investment would double in a week.
naive 和 innocent 在「天真」义项上完全可以互换
naive 带贬义,强调「因缺乏社会经验而轻信」;innocent 是正面,强调「没有恶意、纯洁无害」
他相信投资一周内会翻倍,真是太幼稚了。(容易上当 → naive)
⚠️innocent of:无罪于 / 对……不知情
He was declared innocent from the murder.
(介词误用)他被宣告谋杀无罪。
innocent 后接 of,不用 from;innocent of = 对……无罪 / 不知情
He was declared innocent of the murder.
他被宣告谋杀无罪
近义辨析
innocent vs naive
innocent 不含邪恶或坏意,可指法律清白或道德纯洁 naive 因缺少经验而轻信,带贬义
The boy's innocent laughter filled the room with warmth.
男孩天真无邪的笑声让房间充满了温暖。
She was naive to think that signing the contract without reading it was fine.
她认为不读就签合同没问题,真是太幼稚了。
写作加分
✨ 加分词
替换:not guiltynot involved
社会公正议论文法律伦理话题
普通
Many not guilty people suffer because of flawed justice systems.
许多无罪的人因司法制度的缺陷而受苦。
加分 ✨
Innocent individuals who are wrongly convicted suffer irreversible harm to their lives and reputations.
被错误定罪的无辜个人会遭受对生活和名誉不可挽回的伤害。
常用搭配
innocent of (a charge / crime)对(指控 / 罪行)无罪
innocent victims / bystanders无辜受害者 / 旁观者
presume / assume innocent推定无罪
an innocent mistake无意的错误
innocent until proven guilty无罪推定(法律原则)
词根
in(不)+ nocent(有害的,如 nocturnal 夜晚的)→ 不造成伤害的 = 无害、无罪、天真
考考你
Q1对错判断
判断下面句子里 innocent 的用法是否正确:
The court ruled that she was innocent from any wrongdoing.
✓ 正确版本
The court ruled that she was innocent of any wrongdoing.
法院裁定她对任何不当行为均无罪
innocent 后接 of,不用 from;innocent of = 对……无罪/不知情
Q2近义选词
选择最恰当的词填空:
It was ___ of her to trust a stranger with her bank account details.
Ainnocent
Bnaive
✓ 她把银行账户信息告诉陌生人,真是太幼稚轻信了。
强调「因缺乏经验而轻信、容易上当」用 naive;innocent 是正面词,强调纯洁无邪
Q3翻译应用
用 innocent 翻译下面句子(可参考 writing_upgrade 字段的搭配):
现代刑事司法系统面临的最大挑战之一是防止无辜者被错误定罪。
One of the greatest challenges facing modern criminal justice systems is preventing innocent people from being wrongly convicted.
关键搭配:innocent people being wrongly convicted
innocent + wrongly convicted 是法律伦理议论文中的核心搭配
接着学
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