outstanding · 语义深度解析

核心

突出到让人不得不注意——或因优秀，或因尚未解决

outstanding = out（外面）+ standing（站立）→ 站到外面来了，高于其他。两个核心义项：① 卓越的，优秀的（an outstanding student）；② 未解决的，未支付的（outstanding debt 未偿债务）。共同点：「从一堆东西里凸出来，还没被处理或已经高于平均」。

释义

1

adj.杰出的，卓越的（远超一般水平）

She received an award for her outstanding contribution to community development.

她因对社区发展的杰出贡献而获奖。

2

adj.未解决的，未支付的（仍待处理）

There are still several outstanding issues that need to be resolved before the contract can be signed.

在合同签署之前，还有几个未解决的问题需要处理。

语感

outstanding = 站出来了——优秀是站高了，未解决是还没被「推回去」

杰出的卓越的未解决的未支付的

义项二（未解决/未支付）是高考阅读理解的考点，考生常只记住义项一。出现在商业或法律语境中的 outstanding 基本是义项二：outstanding balance（未偿余额），outstanding invoice（未支付的发票），outstanding matters（未决事项）。判断方法：看上下文——如果前面有负面情绪或待解决的语境，大概率是义项二。

陷阱

⚠️outstanding（未解决）——阅读理解中最常被误读的义项

The company was warned about its outstanding debts and urged to make payment immediately.

✗

outstanding debts = 很多杰出的债务

✓

outstanding 在 debt / balance / issue / payment 等词前面，意为「尚未解决/尚未支付」，不是「杰出」

公司被警告有未偿债务，并被敦促立即还款。（outstanding = 尚未支付的）

近义辨析

outstanding vs exceptional

outstanding 卓越的，远高于一般水平（义项一） exceptional 异常的，极其突出的，不寻常地出色

The young chef's outstanding culinary skills earned her a Michelin star at the age of 26.

这位年轻厨师卓越的烹饪技艺让她在26岁时获得了米其林星级认可。

The recovery was exceptional — doctors had not expected the patient to walk again.

康复情况异常出色——医生没想到病人能再次行走。

写作加分

✨ 加分词

替换：very goodexcellent

人物描写类作文成就表彰话题

普通

She is a very good student who always works hard.

她是一个非常好的学生，总是努力学习。

加分 ✨

Her outstanding academic record, combined with her leadership in extracurricular activities, makes her an ideal candidate for the scholarship.

她卓越的学业成绩加上她在课外活动中的领导力，使她成为奖学金的理想候选人。

为什么更好：outstanding academic record 比 very good student 精准具体，配合 combined with 和 ideal candidate，整句逻辑更完整

常用搭配

outstanding achievement / performance卓越成就 / 表现

outstanding contribution杰出贡献

outstanding debt / balance / payment未偿债务 / 余额 / 款项

outstanding issues / matters未决事项

an outstanding student / athlete优秀学生 / 运动员

词根

outstanding = 站出来（out + standing）——优秀是站高了，未解决是还有一件事「站在外面」没被处理

考考你

Q1义项辨析

下面四个句子中，outstanding 的用法与其他三个不同的是：

A

The team delivered an outstanding performance in the championship.

B

She was recognised for her outstanding contributions to medical research.

C

The company has several outstanding invoices that must be settled by the end of the month.

D

He received an outstanding score on the language proficiency test.

Q2对错判断

判断下面句子里 outstanding 的用法是否正确：

Before closing the account, you must ensure there are no outstanding balances.

outstanding balance（未结余额）是义项二的正确用法

Q3翻译应用

用 outstanding 翻译下面句子（可参考 writing_upgrade 字段的搭配）：

她在科研领域的杰出贡献，使她成为今年诺贝尔奖最受关注的候选人之一。

Her outstanding contributions to scientific research have made her one of the most closely watched candidates for this year's Nobel Prize.

关键搭配：outstanding contributions to

outstanding contributions to 是描述杰出贡献的核心正式搭配

接着学

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