✨ 语义深度解析
refuse
高考核心词 作文加分词 难度 2/5 ⏱ 4 分钟
核心
主动说"不",拒绝接受或拒绝去做
释义
1
v.拒绝(做某事);拒绝接受
She refused to answer any more questions.
拒绝回答任何更多的问题。
2
n.垃圾;废弃物(书面语)
The city has introduced new rules for refuse collection.
该市出台了新的垃圾收集规定。
语感
refuse 是把门关上,不让对方进来
拒绝不肯推拒
陷阱
⚠️refuse 只接 to do
She refused helping him with the homework.
拒绝帮他做作业。(语法错误)
refuse 后面不接动名词 doing,只接 to do
She refused to help him with the homework.
拒绝帮他做作业。
⚠️refuse ≠ reject 用法区别
The teacher refused his essay because it was plagiarized.
老师驳回了他的文章,因为它是抄袭的。
这里是对作文本身的否定评价,应用 reject;refuse 拒绝的是动作/请求,而非评判某物的质量
The teacher rejected his essay because it was plagiarized.
老师否定了他的文章,因为它是抄袭的。
⚠️名词 refuse 重音在前
The workers went on strike over refuse disposal fees.
工人们因为拒绝处理费而罢工(动词用法,句子不通)
工人们因为垃圾处理费而罢工
名词 refuse /ˈrefjuːs/ = 垃圾废弃物,重音在第一音节,区别于动词 refuse /rɪˈfjuːz/。
近义辨析
refuse vs decline
refuse 直接明确地拒绝,语气强硬 decline 礼貌婉拒,保留对方颜面
He refused to negotiate under any conditions.
拒绝在任何条件下谈判。
She politely declined the dinner invitation.
她礼貌地婉拒了晚宴邀请。
refuse vs reject
refuse 拒绝执行某个动作或接受某物 reject 否定/排斥某人或某物本身,含评价
The patient refused to take the medication.
病人拒绝服药。
The committee rejected the proposal outright.
委员会直接否决了提案。
写作加分
✨ 加分词
替换:don't want towill not
议论文立场句描写人物态度社会议题话题
普通
Many people don't want to accept new ideas.
很多人不愿意接受新观念。
加分 ✨
Many people flatly refuse to accept new ideas.
很多人断然拒绝接受新观念。
常用搭配
refuse to do sth拒绝做某事
flatly refuse断然拒绝
refuse an offer / invitation拒绝提议/邀请
refuse entry / access拒绝入场/拒绝访问
refuse collection垃圾收集(名词用法)
词根
re-(再次/回头)+ fuse(熔断)→ 把通路熔断,意志上的"断然不行"
考考你
Q1对错判断
判断下面句子里 refuse 的用法是否正确:
The workers refused joining the meeting without prior notice.
✓ 正确版本
The workers refused to join the meeting without prior notice.
工人们拒绝参加在没有事先通知的情况下召开的会议。
refuse 只接 to do,不接 doing。这是高考常考的固定搭配,refuse doing 是典型错误。
Q2近义选词
选择最恰当的词填空:
She ___ the job offer with a polite email, saying she had other commitments.
Arefused
Bdeclined
✓ 她发了一封礼貌的邮件婉拒了工作邀请,说她有其他安排。
decline 适合礼貌、正式地拒绝邀请/邀约,语气温和;refuse 语气更强硬直接,此处语境强调礼貌,选 decline。
Q3翻译应用
用 refuse 翻译下面句子(可参考 writing_upgrade 字段的搭配):
政府断然拒绝了该公司的建设申请。
The government flatly refused the company's construction application.
关键搭配:flatly refused
flatly refuse 是书面议论文的高分搭配,比 said no to 更正式,语气也更坚决。
接着学
点击进入该词的深度解析