reluctant · 语义深度解析

核心

心里不太愿意——不是拒绝，但也不是真心想

reluctant 来自拉丁语 reluctari（挣扎，抵抗）= re（对抗）+ luctari（搏斗）→ 内心在搏斗，不情愿。核心：「不愿意做某事，勉强接受，内心有抵触」。固定结构：be reluctant to do sth.（不情愿做某事）。副词 reluctantly（勉强地，不情愿地）同样高频。

释义

1

adj.不情愿的，勉强的（内心有抵触，不真心愿意）

She was reluctant to criticise her colleague publicly, even though she disagreed with his approach.

即使她不同意同事的做法，她也不情愿当众批评他。

语感

reluctant = 脚在往前走，但心在往后拉——勉强去做

不情愿的勉强的不愿意的

be reluctant to do sth. 是核心句型，必须接不定式（不是 reluctant of doing）。reluctantly 副词：She reluctantly agreed.（她勉强同意了。）。区别：reluctant（不情愿，仍可能去做）vs. unwilling（不愿意，更强调「拒绝」）vs. hesitant（犹豫的，强调「不确定是否该做」）。高考阅读：reluctant 常出现在描述人物内心冲突的语境中。

陷阱

⚠️reluctant to do（不是 reluctant of doing）

✗

He was reluctant of sharing his personal information online.

（误介词）他不情愿在网上分享个人信息。

be reluctant 固定接不定式 to do，不用 of + 动名词

✓

He was reluctant to share his personal information online.

他不情愿在网上分享个人信息。（be reluctant to do，不是 of doing）

近义辨析

reluctant vs unwilling

reluctant 不情愿做某事，内心有抵触 unwilling 不愿意（更强调「拒绝」，比 reluctant 更坚决）

The witness was reluctant to testify but eventually agreed after receiving assurances of protection.

证人不情愿出庭作证，但在获得保护保证后最终同意了。

The suspect remained unwilling to cooperate with the investigation despite repeated requests.

尽管多次被要求，嫌疑人仍不愿意配合调查。

写作加分

✨ 加分词

替换：not want tonot willing to

心理分析类作文社会行为议论文

普通

Many people don't want to admit they need help.

许多人不愿意承认他们需要帮助。

加分 ✨

Many individuals remain reluctant to seek professional help for mental health issues, partly due to the lingering stigma surrounding such conditions.

许多人仍然不情愿就心理健康问题寻求专业帮助，部分原因是这类状况周围挥之不去的污名化。

为什么更好：reluctant to seek 比 don't want to 更书面，暗含「内心挣扎」的心理深度，配合 partly due to 原因分析更完整

常用搭配

be reluctant to do sth.不情愿做某事

reluctantly agree / accept勉强同意 / 接受

a reluctant participant / hero勉强的参与者 / 不情愿的英雄

reluctance (n.)不情愿，勉强（名词）

with (great) reluctance极不情愿地

词根

reluctant = re（对抗）+ luct（搏斗，如 reluctance 内心抵抗）→ 内心在搏斗，脚下却在走 = 不情愿

考考你

Q1对错判断

判断下面句子里 reluctant 的用法是否正确：

The CEO was reluctant to make a public statement until all the facts had been thoroughly verified.

be reluctant to do sth.（不情愿做某事）是正确结构

Q2近义选词

选择最恰当的词填空：

Despite the judge's order, the witness remained ___ to reveal the identity of his source.

Areluctant

Bunwilling

✓ 尽管法官下令，证人仍然不愿意透露其消息来源的身份。

面对法官命令仍坚决拒绝配合，更强烈的拒绝用 unwilling；reluctant 更适合「有抵触但最终可能会配合」

Q3翻译应用

用 reluctant 翻译下面句子（可参考 writing_upgrade 字段的搭配）：

许多老年人不情愿接受新技术，这在一定程度上是由于缺乏适当的培训和支持。

Many elderly people are reluctant to embrace new technology, partly due to a lack of proper training and support.

关键搭配：reluctant to embrace

be reluctant to do 是描述「内心有抵触但未必完全拒绝」的核心书面表达

接着学

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