risk 的核心不是危险本身,而是人在知情状态下对可能性的主动选择。danger 是客观存在的威胁,可以没有人参与;risk 必然涉及一个决策主体——他知道可能出错,还是选择去做。
作名词:risk of doing sth = 某事发生的风险,at risk = 处于危险中(被动状态),at the risk of = 冒着…的风险(主动状态)。
作动词:risk doing sth = 冒险去做某事,后面只能接动名词,不接 to do。
释义
1
n.风险;可能出问题的概率
There is a serious risk of flooding in this area.
该地区存在严重的洪水风险。
2
n.危险处境(at risk / at the risk of)
Children in remote areas are most at risk.
偏远地区的儿童处于最大的危险之中。
3
v.冒险做;甘冒风险
He risked losing everything to start his own business.
他冒着失去一切的风险创业。
语感
risk 是睁眼跳悬崖,danger 是悬崖本身
风险冒险危险
risk 像是一个决策框架:你知道那里有悬崖(可能出问题),你还是决定跳(主动行动)。danger 只是描述客观存在的威胁,不关心有没有人去冒;risk 必须有人在做决策。
The danger of the storm is real.——风暴的危险是客观事实。
We took the risk of sailing through the storm.——我们主动决定冒险穿越风暴。
at risk 和 at the risk of 看起来相似,含义不同:Endangered species are at risk.(处于危险状态,被动承受);He saved her at the risk of his own life.(冒着…风险,主动付出)。
陷阱
⚠️risk 只接 doing,不接 to do
✗
She risked to fail the exam by not studying.
她不复习,冒着考试不及格的风险。(语法错误)
risk 作动词后接动名词 doing,不接不定式 to do
✓
She risked failing the exam by not studying.
她不复习,冒着考试不及格的风险。
⚠️at risk vs at the risk of
Millions of jobs are at risk due to automation.
✗
冒着自动化风险(主动冒险)
✓
数百万个工作岗位处于危险中(被动承受威胁)
at risk = 处于危险状态(无冠词,被动);at the risk of = 冒着…风险(有定冠词,主动)。
⚠️risk ≠ danger 主被动区别
✗
The danger he took was admirable.
他承担的风险令人钦佩。
danger 是客观威胁,不是人主动"承担"的对象;应用 risk 表示人主动冒的险
✓
The risk he took was admirable.
他承担的风险令人钦佩。
近义辨析
riskvsdanger
risk主观选择去承担的可能性danger客观存在的威胁,不需要人参与
She took a great risk by investing all her savings.
她把所有积蓄投进去,承担了巨大的风险。
The danger of the volcano eruption was unpredictable.
火山喷发的危险无法预测。
riskvshazard
risk主动选择和预期中可能出错的可能性hazard特定职业/环境中内在存在的危险因素
There is a risk of side effects with this medication.
这种药物存在副作用的风险。
Chemical spills are a common workplace hazard.
化学品泄漏是常见的工作场所安全隐患。
写作加分
✨ 加分词
替换:might have problemscould go wrong
议论文分析段科技/创业话题社会政策议题
普通
Starting a business could go wrong and you might lose money.
创业可能出错,你可能会亏钱。
加分 ✨
Entrepreneurs risk financial loss every time they launch a new venture.
企业家每次创办新公司都在冒着财务损失的风险。
为什么更好:risk 动词直接作谓语,比 could go wrong 更精准,every time 从句增加分析深度
常用搭配
risk doing sth冒险做某事
at risk处于危险中(被动)
at the risk of冒着…的风险(主动)
risk of sth / doing sth…的风险
take a risk冒险
reduce / minimize risk降低/最小化风险
词根
risk = 竖起耳朵去赌——知道可能输,还是下注
考考你
Q1对错判断
判断下面句子里 risk 的用法是否正确:
The firefighter risked to enter the burning building to save the child.
消防员冒险进入燃烧的建筑物救孩子。
✓ 正确版本
The firefighter risked entering the burning building to save the child.
消防员冒险进入燃烧的建筑物救孩子。
risk 作动词后接动名词 doing,不接 to do。risk to do 是典型语法错误,高考常考。
Q2近义选词
选择最恰当的词填空:
The factory explosion highlighted the serious ___ of working with flammable chemicals.