✨ 语义深度解析 ⋮
scarce
高考核心词 作文加分词 难度 2/5 ⏱ 3 分钟
核心
供不应求——数量太少，不够用
释义
1
adj.稀缺的，不足的（供给少于需求）
Clean drinking water is becoming increasingly scarce in many parts of the world due to population growth and pollution.
由于人口增长和污染，清洁饮用水在世界许多地区正变得越来越稀缺。
2
adv.几乎不，勉强（scarcely，书面语）
There was scarcely enough food to sustain the survivors through the long winter months.
食物几乎不够让幸存者撑过漫长的冬季。
语感
scarce = 僧多粥少——客观上供给不足，大家都在抢
稀缺的不足的短缺的几乎不（副词）
陷阱
⚠️scarce vs. rare：稀缺（不够用）vs. 稀有（不常见）
White truffles are rare and can fetch thousands of dollars per kilogram at auction.
✗
rare = scarce（供不应求，不够分）
✓
rare（稀有，不常见，强调「珍贵和罕见」——松露之所以贵是因为稀有，不是「供给不足以维持基本需求」）；scarce（稀缺，供给远低于需求，常用于基本资源，如 food, water, land）；rare 通常不含「人们因此受苦」的负面含义，scarce 常含这层意思
白松露稀有，在拍卖中每公斤可达数千美元。（rare = 稀有珍贵，非 scarce 的「供给不足以满足需求」）
⚠️scarcely 的位置：放在助动词后、实义动词前
✗
She scarcely had recognised him when he walked through the door after ten years.
十年后当他走进门时，她几乎没认出他来。（位置错误）
scarcely 通常放在助动词后、实义动词前；had scarcely recognised（过去完成时）顺序错误，应为 had scarcely recognised 或 scarcely had she recognised（倒装强调）
✓
She had scarcely recognised him when he walked through the door after ten years.
十年后当他走进门时，她几乎没认出他来。
近义辨析
scarce vs limited
scarce 稀缺的（供给远低于需求，强调不足和匮乏） limited 有限的（强调数量有上限，中性，不含匮乏的负面含义）
As the drought intensified, scarce water supplies forced farmers to abandon large sections of their crops.
随着干旱加剧，稀缺的水源供应迫使农民放弃了大片农作物。
Tickets for the concert are limited, so early booking is strongly advised to avoid disappointment.
音乐会门票有限，强烈建议提早预订以免失望。
写作加分
✨ 加分词
替换：not enoughlittle
环境资源议论文经济发展话题
普通
There is not enough clean water in many developing countries.
许多发展中国家缺乏足够的清洁水。
加分 ✨
As freshwater resources grow increasingly scarce, governments must invest urgently in sustainable water management and conservation strategies.
随着淡水资源日益稀缺，各国政府必须紧急投资于可持续的水资源管理和保护策略。
常用搭配
scarce resources / water / food稀缺资源 / 水 / 食物
become / grow increasingly scarce变得越来越稀缺
scarcity of resources / labour资源 / 劳动力短缺
scarcely any几乎没有（副词用法）
scarcely enough勉强够，几乎不够
词根
scarce = scare（惊吓）去掉 e → 资源少到「让人害怕」= 稀缺
考考你
Q1近义选词
选择最恰当的词填空：
The ancient manuscript is incredibly ___, with only three known copies surviving in museum collections worldwide.
Ascarce
Brare
✓ 这份古代手稿极为稀有，全球博物馆馆藏中仅存三份已知副本。
rare（稀有，不常见，强调珍贵）更适合描述古代手稿；scarce 强调「供给不足以满足需求」，通常用于基本资源（水、食物、土地），不用于文物
Q2对错判断
判断下面句子里 scarcely 的用法是否正确：
The refugees had scarcely any possessions when they arrived at the border, carrying only what they could hold in their arms.
scarcely any（几乎没有）是正确用法，scarcely 置于 any 之前，强调数量极少；句义清晰，用法正确
Q3翻译应用
用 scarce 翻译下面句子（可参考 writing_upgrade 字段的搭配）：
随着城市化进程加速，可耕地变得日益稀缺，这对全球粮食安全构成严峻挑战。
As urbanisation accelerates, arable land is becoming increasingly scarce, posing a serious challenge to global food security.
关键搭配：becoming increasingly scarce
becoming increasingly scarce（日益稀缺）是议论文描述资源短缺的核心书面表达，posing a serious challenge 分词短语补充说明后果
接着学
点击进入该词的深度解析
scarcity同根短缺，匮乏（名词），scarcity of resources = 资源匮乏
abundant反义丰富的，充裕的（与 scarce 完全相对，abundant resources = 丰富资源）
insufficient近义不足的，不够的（更正式书面，insufficient funding = 资金不足）
depleted近义耗尽的，大量减少的（强调从充裕到不足的过程，depleted reserves = 耗尽的储量）