✨ 语义深度解析 ⋮
sensitive
高考核心词 作文加分词 难度 3/5 ⏱ 4 分钟
核心
感知阈值低——轻轻一碰就有反应，可以是优点，也可以是脆弱
释义
1
adj.敏感的，感觉灵敏的（对外部刺激）
People with sensitive skin should avoid products containing harsh chemicals or artificial fragrances.
皮肤敏感的人应避免使用含有强效化学物质或人工香料的产品。
2
adj.体贴的，善解人意的（能感知他人情感需求）
A good leader is sensitive to the needs and concerns of their team members.
一位优秀的领导者对团队成员的需求和顾虑具有敏锐的感知力。
3
adj.容易受伤的，情感脆弱的
She was too sensitive to criticism and often took professional feedback personally.
她对批评过于敏感，经常将职业反馈当作针对个人的攻击。
4
adj.（信息、话题）敏感的，涉密的
The minister refused to comment on the sensitive diplomatic negotiations currently under way.
这位部长拒绝就目前正在进行的敏感外交谈判发表评论。
语感
sensitive = 感知阈值低——轻轻一碰就有反应，好的一面是善解人意，不好的一面是容易受伤
敏感的感觉灵敏的体贴的脆弱的（信息）涉密的
陷阱
⚠️sensitive vs. sensible：中文学生最高频易混
It would be sensible to consult a financial adviser before making any major investment decisions.
✗
sensible = sensitive（敏感的，多愁善感的）
✓
sensible（明智的，理智的）= 能做出合理判断，此处 sensible to consult = 「理智上应该去咨询」；sensitive（敏感的，感知阈值低）= 对外部刺激反应强烈；两词形相似但意思截然不同
在做任何重大投资决策前咨询理财顾问是明智的。（sensible = 明智，理智，非 sensitive 的「敏感」）
⚠️sensitive to：介词固定为 to，不用 about / for
✗
The organization is deeply sensitive about the needs of vulnerable communities.
该组织对弱势群体的需求非常关注体察。（介词 about 错误）
sensitive 后接对象用介词 to，不用 about；be sensitive about 虽有时可用但意思不同（对某话题讳莫如深），此处表示「对…敏感体察」应用 sensitive to
✓
The organization is deeply sensitive to the needs of vulnerable communities.
该组织对弱势群体的需求非常敏锐体察。
近义辨析
sensitive vs perceptive
sensitive 体贴的，善解人意的（能感知他人情感需求，正面）（义项二） perceptive 洞察力强的（能敏锐地观察和理解他人或情境，比 sensitive 更强调「认知洞察」）
A skilled counsellor must be sensitive to subtle shifts in a client's emotional state during therapy sessions.
一位熟练的咨询师必须对来访者在治疗过程中情绪状态的细微变化保持敏锐的感知。
The perceptive journalist noticed contradictions in the official statement that most others had overlooked.
这位洞察力敏锐的记者注意到官方声明中大多数人忽视的矛盾之处。
写作加分
✨ 加分词
替换：understandingaware of
社会关怀类议论文文化差异话题
普通
Teachers should be understanding of students' different needs.
教师应当理解学生的不同需求。
加分 ✨
Effective teachers are deeply sensitive to the diverse emotional, cultural, and academic needs of their students, adapting their approach accordingly.
高效的教师对学生多样的情感、文化和学业需求高度敏锐体察，并据此调整教学方式。
常用搭配
sensitive to sth.对…敏感（介词固定 to）
sensitive skin / teeth敏感肌肤 / 牙齿（物理敏感）
sensitive information / issue敏感信息 / 话题
emotionally sensitive情感上敏感的
culturally sensitive文化上敏感体察的（尊重不同文化差异）
词根
sensitive = sense（感知）+ itive → 感知阈值低，轻碰就有反应
考考你
Q1对错判断
判断下面句子里单词的用法是否正确：
Given the complexity of the situation, it seems very sensitive to take more time before reaching a final decision.
✓ 正确版本
Given the complexity of the situation, it seems very sensible to take more time before reaching a final decision.
鉴于情况的复杂性，在做出最终决定前多花些时间似乎非常明智。
此处表示「理智明智的选择」，应用 sensible（明智的，理智的）；sensitive（敏感的，感知阈值低）不能用于描述决策是否理智
Q2义项辨析
下面四个句子中，sensitive 的含义与其他三个最不同的是：
A
The journalist was warned not to report on the sensitive negotiations between the two governments.
B
Her sensitive approach to the interview helped the survivor feel comfortable sharing their story.
C
Children can be particularly sensitive to changes in their home environment and family routines.
D
He was deeply sensitive to criticism and found negative feedback difficult to accept.
Q3翻译应用
用 sensitive 翻译下面句子（可参考 writing_upgrade 字段的搭配）：
在跨文化交流中，对不同文化习俗和价值观保持敏锐体察，是避免误解和建立信任的关键。
In cross-cultural communication, being sensitive to different cultural practices and values is key to avoiding misunderstanding and building trust.
关键搭配：being sensitive to different cultural practices
being sensitive to（对…敏感体察）是议论文讨论文化尊重的核心书面表达，介词 to 固定
接着学
点击进入该词的深度解析
sensible易混明智的，理智的（与 sensitive 词形相似但意思相反，sensible decision = 明智决策）
sensitivity同根敏感性，感受性（名词），cultural sensitivity = 文化敏感性
empathetic近义有同理心的（比 sensitive 义项二更强调「能感同身受」，empathetic response = 有同理心的回应）
resilient反义有韧性的（与义项三的情感脆弱相对，resilient to setbacks = 对挫折有韧性）