term 来自拉丁语 terminus(边界/终点),核心是"被限定在某个范围内"。一个术语(technical term),是被精确定义过的词;一个学期/任期(school term, a term in office),是被时间边界限定的阶段;合同条款(terms of agreement),是被文字边界划定的规则;in terms of,是用某个框架来限定讨论范围。四个义项共享同一个基因:有边界,有定义,不模糊。
释义
1
n.术语;专用词
"Photosynthesis" is a scientific term used in biology.
"光合作用"是生物学中的一个术语。
2
n.学期;任期;期限
The president is elected to serve a four-year term.
总统当选后将任职一届四年任期。
3
n.条款;条件(常用复数 terms)
Both parties must agree to the terms of the contract before signing.
双方在签字前必须同意合同的条款。
4
prep.phrasein terms of:就……而言;从……角度来看
The project was a success in terms of cost efficiency.
就成本效益而言,这个项目是成功的。
语感
term = 划了圈子的概念,不管是词、时间还是条件
术语学期任期条款就……而言
日常中文里没有一个词能覆盖 term 的全部用法,这正是学这个词的难点。但只要抓住"被划定了边界",各义项就都清晰了。in terms of 是高考写作的高频短语,相当于"从……这个框架来看",比 as for 更书面。come to terms with 是另一个固定搭配,字面是"和(痛苦的现实)谈好条款",引申为"接受/正视"——接受意味着你不再抗争,达成了某种内心的协议。on good terms 意思是关系好,像是双方条款都满意。
陷阱
⚠️term 不能直接当动词用
✗
Scientists term this process as photosynthesis.
科学家把这一过程称为光合作用。(term…as 的结构不对)
term 作动词时不接 as,正确用法是 term sth sth(双宾)或改用 call/describe sth as
✓
Scientists term this process photosynthesis.
科学家把这一过程称为光合作用。
⚠️terms 复数 vs term 单数
The terms of the peace agreement were accepted by both nations.
✗
和平协议的"学期"
✓
和平协议的条款(terms 复数 = 条款/条件)
terms 复数专指条款/条件;单数 term 更多指术语或时间段。
⚠️in terms of 不等于 in term of
✗
In term of quality, this product is excellent.
就质量而言,这款产品非常出色。(term 漏了 s)
固定短语必须用复数 in terms of,不能写成 in term of
✓
In terms of quality, this product is excellent.
就质量而言,这款产品非常出色。
近义辨析
termvsperiod
term有正式身份的时间段(学期、任期)period泛指任何时间段,无身份限定
She completed her term as school principal last June.
她去年六月结束了担任校长的任期。
The construction took a period of three months.
建设工作持续了一段时间,历时三个月。
termvscondition
term合同或协议里被明确列出的规则condition更广义的条件,可指环境/状态
Read the terms carefully before you sign.
签字前请仔细阅读条款。
The conditions for the scholarship include a 3.5 GPA.
该奖学金的条件包括3.5的绩点。
写作加分
✨ 加分词
替换:as foraboutregarding
议论文框架句分析比较段落经济/教育话题
普通
The two cities are different about economic development.
这两座城市在经济发展方面有所不同。
加分 ✨
In terms of economic development, the two cities have taken very different paths.
就经济发展而言,这两座城市走上了截然不同的道路。
为什么更好:in terms of 开篇定框架,比 about 更书面,也更精准地限定讨论维度
常用搭配
in terms of就……而言;从……角度
come to terms with接受(痛苦的现实);正视
on good / bad terms (with sb)与某人关系好/不好
technical / legal term技术/法律术语
serve a term任职一届;服刑一段时间
terms of a contract / agreement合同/协议条款
词根
terminus(终点/边界)→ term 是画了边界的东西:词有定义边界,学期有时间边界,条款有规则边界
考考你
Q1搭配还原
选择正确的词,补全固定搭配:
come to ___ with the loss of her job
……接受失业的现实
Aterms
Bwords
Cdeal
Dagreement
完整搭配:come to terms with 接受(痛苦的现实);正视
come to terms with 是固定短语,意为"接受并正视某个痛苦/困难的现实",其他选项均无法构成此固定搭配。
Q2对错判断
判断下面句子里 term 的用法是否正确:
In term of academic performance, she ranks first in her class.
就学业成绩而言,她在班级中排名第一。
✓ 正确版本
In terms of academic performance, she ranks first in her class.
就学业成绩而言,她在班级中排名第一。
in terms of 是固定短语,terms 必须用复数。写成 in term of 是常见拼写错误。
Q3翻译应用
用 in terms of 翻译下面句子(可参考 writing_upgrade 字段的搭配):
就环境影响而言,电动汽车比燃油汽车更具优势。
In terms of environmental impact, electric vehicles have a clear advantage over fuel-powered cars.
关键搭配:in terms of
in terms of 开篇是议论文常见句式,用来限定比较的维度,比 as for 更书面,比 about 更精准。