✨ 语义深度解析 ⋮
urge
高考核心词 作文加分词 难度 2/5 ⏱ 3 分钟
核心
强烈地催促或驱使——说话人有迫切感，希望对方立刻行动
释义
1
v.敦促，强烈建议（urge sb. to do）
Health officials urged the public to get vaccinated before the start of the flu season.
卫生官员敦促公众在流感季节开始前接种疫苗。
2
v.力陈，力主（urge + 名词，如 caution / action）
Environmental groups urged immediate action on the proposed industrial development near the protected wetlands.
环保团体力主对拟议中靠近保护湿地的工业开发项目立即采取行动。
3
n.冲动，强烈欲望（an urge to do）
She felt a sudden urge to abandon the carefully prepared speech and speak honestly from the heart.
她突然感到一股冲动，想抛开精心准备的讲稿，真诚地说出内心的想法。
语感
urge = 推着对方去做——比 encourage 更迫切，比 force 更温和
敦促力主冲动（名词）
陷阱
⚠️urge sb. to do（接不定式，不接动名词）
✗
The committee urged all member states reconsidering their position on the proposed emissions targets.
委员会敦促所有成员国重新考虑其在拟议排放目标上的立场。（reconsidering 错误，应改为 to reconsider）
urge sb. to do（接不定式）；不说 urge sb. doing（动名词）；也缺少 to
✓
The committee urged all member states to reconsider their position on the proposed emissions targets.
委员会敦促所有成员国重新考虑其在拟议排放目标上的立场。
⚠️urge vs. encourage：迫切推动 vs. 积极鼓励
Teachers who consistently encourage students to explore their own interests often see greater long-term engagement with learning.
✗
encourage = urge（鼓励，敦促，方向一样可以互换）
✓
encourage（积极鼓励，创造条件和氛围使某人自愿去做，语气温和正面）；urge（迫切催促，含强烈主张和紧迫感）；此句是「老师营造环境让学生自然投入」，无迫切催促感，用 encourage 准确
持续鼓励学生探索自身兴趣的老师，往往会看到学习参与度更高的长期结果。（encourage = 积极营造条件，比 urge 的「迫切催促」更温和）
近义辨析
urge vs call on
urge 敦促（含迫切感，主动推动某人采取行动，语气较强） call on 呼吁，要求（正式公开场合向某人或机构提出要求，书面政治语境常用）
Doctors are urging patients with high blood pressure to monitor their salt intake more carefully.
医生正在敦促高血压患者更仔细地监控盐的摄入量。
The UN secretary-general called on all parties to respect the ceasefire and return to negotiations.
联合国秘书长呼吁各方尊重停火协议，重返谈判桌。
写作加分
✨ 加分词
替换：tellasksay that people should
政府政策议论文公共卫生话题环境话题
普通
Experts say that governments should take action on climate change.
专家说政府应该就气候变化采取行动。
加分 ✨
Leading climate scientists urge governments to adopt binding emissions targets and transition away from fossil fuels within the next decade.
顶尖气候科学家敦促各国政府在未来十年内采纳具有约束力的减排目标，并逐步摆脱对化石燃料的依赖。
常用搭配
urge sb. to do sth.敦促某人做某事（核心句型）
urge caution / restraint力主谨慎 / 克制
urge immediate action呼吁立即采取行动
feel an urge to do感到做某事的冲动（名词用法）
urge that sth. be done力主做某事（正式虚拟语气）
词根
urge = urgere（推动）→ 迫切地推着对方去做 = 敦促，冲动
考考你
Q1对错判断
判断下面句子里的用法是否正确：
The charity urged donors considering giving more generously to help cover the rising costs of emergency food supplies.
✓ 正确版本
The charity urged donors to consider giving more generously to help cover the rising costs of emergency food supplies.
该慈善机构敦促捐助者考虑更慷慨地捐款，以帮助支付不断上涨的紧急食品供应费用。
urge sb. to do（接不定式），不接动名词；urged donors considering 错误，应改为 urged donors to consider
Q2近义选词
选择最恰当的词填空：
The mentor ___ her students to take risks, experiment freely, and not be discouraged by early failures.
Aurged
Bencouraged
✓ 导师鼓励学生们冒险、自由尝试，不要被早期失败所打击。
此句是「导师营造积极氛围让学生愿意尝试」，是正向鼓励，用 encouraged；urged 含迫切催促的紧迫感，不符合「鼓励尝试」的温和语境
Q3翻译应用
用 urge 翻译下面句子（可参考 writing_upgrade 字段的搭配）：
国际卫生组织敦促各国政府加大对基础医疗设施的投入，以确保农村地区居民能够获得基本医疗服务。
International health organisations urge governments to increase investment in basic medical infrastructure to ensure that residents in rural areas have access to essential healthcare services.
关键搭配：urge governments to increase investment
urge governments to increase investment（敦促政府加大投入）是议论文公共卫生政策话题的核心书面表达，to ensure 引出目的
接着学
点击进入该词的深度解析
urging同根敦促，催促（名词/现在分词），despite urging from experts = 尽管有专家的敦促
insist近义坚持，坚决要求（比 urge 更强硬，insist on = 坚持要求，含「不达目的不罢休」）
pressure近义施压（动词，pressure sb. to do = 给某人施压做某事，比 urge 更强调外部压力）
deter反义阻止，制止（与 urge 的「推动去做」相对，deter sb. from doing = 阻止某人做某事）