✨ 语义深度解析 ⋮
welfare
高考核心词 作文加分词 难度 2/5 ⏱ 3 分钟
核心
某人过得好不好——身心状况是否良好，或社会兜底保障
释义
1
n.福祉，健康状况（身心状况）
The government has a fundamental duty to protect the welfare of all its citizens, particularly the most vulnerable.
政府有基本义务保护所有公民的福祉，尤其是最脆弱的群体。
2
n.福利（社会保障、救济制度）
Critics of the current welfare system argue that it fails to incentivise recipients to seek employment.
对现行福利制度的批评者认为，它未能激励受益人寻求就业。
语感
welfare = 过得好不好——关心的是「这个人/群体的状况」，不只是钱
福祉健康状况福利（制度）
陷阱
⚠️welfare vs. well-being：制度层面 vs. 个人状态
Regular physical exercise is one of the most effective ways to improve mental well-being and reduce anxiety.
✗
well-being = welfare（健康状况，可以互换）
✓
well-being（身心健康，偏向个人层面积极的心理/生理状态，emotional / mental well-being = 情绪/心理健康）；welfare（福祉，偏向「是否处于良好状态」的整体评估，也指社会制度层面的保障）；此句是「提升个人心理健康状态」，用 well-being 准确
定期体育锻炼是改善心理健康和减少焦虑最有效的方法之一。（well-being = 个人积极心理状态，比 welfare 的「整体福祉/制度层面」更偏个人心理健康）
⚠️welfare state（固定搭配，不说 welfare country）
✗
Scandinavian countries are often cited as examples of successful welfare countries that balance generous public services with sustainable taxation.
北欧国家常被引用为成功的福利国家的典范，在慷慨的公共服务与可持续税收之间取得平衡。（welfare country 错误，应改为 welfare state）
「福利国家」固定说法是 welfare state，不是 welfare country
✓
Scandinavian countries are often cited as examples of successful welfare states that balance generous public services with sustainable taxation.
北欧国家常被引用为成功的福利国家典范，在慷慨的公共服务与可持续税收之间取得平衡。
近义辨析
welfare vs well-being
welfare 福祉（整体状况是否良好，可制度层面也可个人，书面正式） well-being 身心健康（更强调「积极良好的个人身心状态」，侧重个体心理和生理健康）
Governments have an obligation to safeguard the welfare of elderly citizens by ensuring access to affordable healthcare and social care.
政府有义务通过确保老年公民能够获得负担得起的医疗和社会照护来保障其福祉。
Research consistently shows that strong social relationships are the single greatest predictor of long-term well-being.
研究持续表明，强大的社会关系是长期身心健康的最大预测因素。
写作加分
✨ 加分词
替换：healthliving conditionsquality of life
政府政策议论文儿童权利话题社会保障话题
普通
Governments should care about the health and living conditions of all citizens.
政府应该关心所有公民的健康和生活条件。
加分 ✨
A government's primary responsibility is to promote the welfare of its citizens by ensuring access to quality education, healthcare, and economic security.
政府的首要责任是通过确保公民获得优质教育、医疗保健和经济安全，促进公民福祉。
常用搭配
child / animal welfare儿童 / 动物福利
social welfare社会福利
welfare state福利国家（固定搭配）
promote / protect the welfare of促进 / 保护…的福祉
welfare system / benefits福利体系 / 福利金
词根
welfare = well（好）+ fare（走，过）→ 过得好 = 福祉，福利
考考你
Q1对错判断
判断下面句子里的用法是否正确：
Nordic countries are frequently cited in policy debates as successful welfare states that achieve high levels of equality while maintaining economic growth.
welfare states（福利国家，复数）是正确固定搭配，用法正确
Q2近义选词
选择最恰当的词填空：
Studies on workplace happiness suggest that flexible working hours have a significantly positive impact on employees' overall ___.
Awelfare
Bwell-being
✓ 关于工作场所幸福感的研究表明，弹性工作时间对员工整体身心健康有显著积极影响。
此句是个人层面的「积极心理健康状态」，用 well-being；welfare 偏向整体状况评估或社会制度层面，不如 well-being 精准
Q3翻译应用
用 welfare 翻译下面句子（可参考 writing_upgrade 字段的搭配）：
保护儿童福祉应当是任何国家政策体系的核心优先事项，包括提供充足的营养、教育机会和安全的生活环境。
Protecting the welfare of children should be a core priority of any national policy framework, encompassing adequate nutrition, educational opportunities, and safe living conditions.
关键搭配：protecting the welfare of children
protecting the welfare of children（保护儿童福祉）是议论文社会政策话题的核心书面表达，encompassing 分词短语列举具体内容
接着学
点击进入该词的深度解析
benefit近义福利，利益（具体的经济补贴，unemployment benefit = 失业救济金；比 welfare 更具体指「津贴/补贴」）
hardship反义艰难，困苦（与 welfare 的「良好状况」相对，economic hardship = 经济困苦）
deprivation反义剥夺，匮乏（缺乏基本需求，child deprivation = 儿童匮乏，与 child welfare 直接对立）
prosperity近义繁荣，昌盛（侧重经济层面的良好状态，economic prosperity = 经济繁荣）